Scarlet Letter :: essays research papers

The Life Cycle of Zhou-zhuangIntroductionThis essay aims at presenting historical information and culture background of Zhou-zhuang, judging which stage of development it is at and evaluating its future development trend. We applied Butlers Model of Life Cycle to evaluate Zhou-zhuangs new stage and future development. The essay will be developed into three parts. The first part will talk about Zhou-zhuangs exploration stage, the second part will be devoted to its development stage and the third part will be contributed to an evaluation on Zhou-zhuangs current stage in the life circle and its future development trend.ExplorationThanks to a famous painter Yifei Chens canvas, The Memory of Hometown, Zhou-zhuangs Double Bridge in Misty Rain has been a famous image of Zhou-zhuang and gradually publicized this quiet village to the outside world since 1984. Zhou-zhuang, at that time, only had a population of 2000, most of which lived a life on planting rice. Their annual incomes seldom e xceeded 800 Yuan. However, the development of Zhou-zhuang seems a little bit in the nature of things, because it goes very smoothly as well as speedily.DevelopmentIn 1983, Wu Guanzhong, who was a very famous painter came to sketch in Zhou-zhuang, and he expressed his emotionHuangshan Mountain concentrates the beauty of Chinese mountains and streams, while Zhou-zhuang concentrates the beauty of Chinese watery regions. These words put great colors to Zhou colonys fame.In 1988, the first township tourism service company was established in Jiangsu province, and 38 sceneries of humanities in about 0.47 square kilometers drive undertaken restoration and reconstruction.The ancient town trio of Zhou-zhuangbecame one of the 16 hot itineraries which were promoted to international market. In 1989, Shen Hall opened to public, and Zhou-zhuang Tourism Service Company issued delight tickets for the first time with a price of 0.6RMB.In the year of 1994, Zhou-zhuang developed to a wider extend, f or Zhang Hall, Chengxu Taoist Temple, and Mi Building opened respectively. In the same year, the submission tickets with images of Shen Hall, Zhang Hall, Chengxu Taoist Temple, and Mi Building printed on were published, and the price surged to 10RMB.From the year of 1995, the number of tourists to Zhou-zhuang increased rapidly every year with an annually rate of more than 30%. Meanwhile, the incomes of residents there, which benefit from tourism, also increased at the rate of more than 30% every year.In 1999, Zhou-zhuang received visitors about 1.25million both abroad and home in 2000, the number was 1.

Golden Age Greek Criticism of Henry Moore’s Reclining Woman :: Essays Papers

Golden Age Greek Criticism of Henry Moores Reclining WomanBoth the bring into being and body of the Reclining Woman sculpture totally tear down our standards as Golden Age Greeks. Not at all can I diagnose out whom this sculptor is representing. Sure I can make out the basic female figure. However the head is way too small in proportion the rest of the body. Maybe Henry Moore has not yet finished this piece. Did he make a mistake in the development of the chest rural area? This could be the case. If still this is a finish piece of art in no terms by us Greeks is this considered Art.What I would have done if I were to complete this hiatus mangled human form is to continue to define the legs and arms especially. Still keeping the reclining look even though this promotes the idea of tree sloth in our eyes. After all, Greek art has to be the ideal of all, the perfect balance of mind and body -- picked up from Plato and his teachings. This shows neither. A great example is the saucer thrower how the figure shows no physical stress or emotion through the face even though he is performing a energetic activity. With this in mind further defining of the face, needed so the figure is anatomically correct and shows no stress through facial expression. This breaks all of our customs duty in sculpture. On the one hand the simplification and distortion of body and limb seem extremely daring departures from the tradition which few do on the other hand, this is reminiscent of the earliest sculpture ever produced, which is far from a perfect balance. Thus he has created a new form that of pure laziness.Moore moldiness think with the third dimension every bit as much as he must think in terms of the other two. mankind ideals should come naturally -- correct proportions with the Platonic idea of mind and body balanced. Tying all of these sculptural ideas together would be a great benefactor for Henry Moore, who seems challenged by every bit of these.Other points to be noted in the execution of the sculptors idea than those of relating the proportions, preserving the perfect body, and suggesting depths. A cardinal requirement, and one which is make much of in any discussion of Greek sculpture, is truth.

Dell Ad Campaign Essay -- GCSE Business Marketing Coursework

dell Ad CampaignThe biggest argona of expansion for Dell is the consumer marketplace. In order to develop more sales in this market Dell involve to focus more advertising on the needs and wants of the consumer. Currently Dell promotes its direct model, which is a key factor Dell needs to create a better position for itself in the consumer market. With all of the PCs in the market being more or less equal, Dell needs to focus on what differentiates its products from the competition, namely service and support. The advertising campaign need to focus on the emotions of the PC users as oppose to merely their logical side. With a strong emotional ad campaign focusing on the anxieties and fears of the consumers when it comes to making the decision for a computer purchase Dell can reassure the consumers that we atomic number 18 there for them. The direct model and more importantly the virtual integration should be the focus of the campaign as oppose to a teen-age part-time employee at your local mall. Why would anyone want to go into a super store where the salesperson pitches everything under the sun to you before you finish telling them what it is you need. With the build-to-order direct federal agency Dell operates you tell us what you want, we dont tell you what you want.The advertisement campaign will need to be coordinated in print, television, radio and seemingly the Internet. Dell can also integrate the direct mail pieces and catalogs with the new pitch to further expand its reach and frequency. Dell can also reach out to work towards the small and medium businesses through this strategy using a similar mirror campaign in the trade publications and in trade read displays. The idea will be to have the campaign as recognizable and incorporating the Be admit slogan that made Dell what it is.According to the Boston Consulting ground substance a unity is in a high growth market such as the PC market and the company has a high market share as in Dells case. With a Star the recommended strategy is to build. In this case the all of Dells products, desktops, notebooks, workstations, and servers fall into the Star scenario and as such Dell needs to utilize strategies that will build the market. By building the market a company can realize the level best potential of the product line, if a Star is left alone its true potential may never be realized. With the PC marke... ...are being discussed and investigated. Given the visitation Dell had in the retail channel these experiences could be shown to bring more customers to the direct model which would be informative for the consumer. With Dells Be Direct position already commonplace, Dell will be associated with the direct model to cut off the competitors trying to be like Dell.Advertising agendumAs stated in our recommendations we will be beginning an advertising campaign to increase Dells share of mind and share of centerfield in the market. The campaign will be prima rily focused on the consumer and small business segments. A pulsing strategy is recommended, built around our existing sales trends. The campaign will run for nine months from April to December, with three different but related messages. Below is our corresponding sales trend that will stick out us to best choose the pulsing strategy.As you can see from the trend line between April and December our peak sales times are April, July and August, and December. We will schedule our strongest reach and frequencies to correspond to these peaks. By increasing our total GRP during peak months Dell can best use its advertising resources.

Individuals Entering Non-Traditional Roles in Sports :: Sports Sociology Social Norms Essays

Individuals Entering Non-Traditional Roles in SportsSports provide an amazing outlet for great deal of all ages. It has been proven that sports uphold focus and concentration as well as improving ones physical state. It is a beneficial pastime that all should be allowed to enjoy. Up until that age of 12-13 some(prenominal) genders are invited and welcomed to play sports. After this point something changes, it is not really talked about but pressure is effectively applied and society somehow manages to push people into very gender orientated and gender specific sports. The question is, what happens when someone doesnt succumb to the pressure and actively participates in what it referred to as a non-traditional role in a particular sport? This idea applies to both sexes, not just females. We are talking about how society reacts when women compete in body structure competitions and when men become figure skaters. I regard that the root of our problem lies within the biases of our s ociety.The first major question that should be answered is why does society believe that people entering non-traditional roles as such a negative occurrence? I think that the root of this belief is buried in the past and has matriculated bring through the generations. In the early history of sports it was believed that women were too delicate to participate in sports. The thought was that if women participated in strenuous activity that they would damage their reproductive organs, which would finally not fulfill an absurd belief that the primary role of women in society was to have children and care for the men. Back then sports were also used as an arena for men to test and publicly display their masculinity. Open acceptance of women in sports at that time would have posed as too frequently of a threat to the mens masculinity, therefore many years went by which allowed the practice of only traditional roles being witnessed and accepted.On a more face-to-face level, it has been my observation that up until the junior high level both boys and girls are actively engaged in sports, but once the boys start to get bigger, the adults in the society become apprehensive about allowing mixed gender play. I feel as though society has a tough time comprehend the possibility that women might get hurt if they play sports. It is at this point in a students career that a great division occurs, all of a sudden innocent games become strictly regulated and boys and girls are separated.

Free Hamlet Essays: Loneliness in Hamlet :: Shakespeare Hamlet Essays

Loneliness in Hamlet   Everyone faces loneliness and despair in their lives. In todays sphere people may feel misunderstood or isolated. In Hamlet, much of the loneliness and suffering he endures is due to the secrets and betrayals he is forced to keep. There were umpteen instances where Hamlet felt alone and upset but he could not share his pain with anyone else. This was a factor that added to his suffering. We can in addition find legion(predicate) examples of Hamlets despair due to betrayal from his so called friends. All of these factors not only contributed heavily to his depression, but caused his overall demise. Throughout the play, Hamlet discovers who is incorruptible to him and who his real enemies are. Right away, Hamlet dislikes his uncle. He is already distraught over losing his father but on top of that he has to deal with the marriage of his lamb mother to his uncle, who he perceives as being cruel and cold-hearted. A little more than kin, and less than ki nd. (I ii 65) This is Hamlets first line in the play, which clearly demonstrates the fundamental hatred Hamlet has towards his uncle. Hamlet also feels intense betrayal from his mother. He trusted her and feels like she has disregarded any love she ever felt towards her designer husband. Mother, you have my father much offended. (III iv 11) A bloody deed-almost as bad, good mother, As kill a king, and marry with his brother. (III iv 29-30). Hamlet is revolted by the idea of his uncle and his mother married. Hamlet also encounters loneliness and despair from Ophelia. As part of Hamlets plan to put on an antic angle of dip he distances himself from Ophelia who he is actually in love with. He does this by insulting her and convincing her that he is mad and never had any true feelings for her. I loved you not (III i 117) Get thee to a nunnery......Marry a fool, for wise men know well enough what monsters you make of them (III i 135-137) Hamlet also kills Polonius (by mistake think ing it was Claudius). Both of these incidents cause Ophelia a great deal of grief and so she kills herself. Hamlet is of course devastated because he never actually meant to meet her. I loved Ophelia. Forty thousand brothers could not with all their quantity of love make up my sum.

The Deadly Social Cloud Essay -- Smoking Tobacco Health Essays

The Deadly Social CloudOur society is tormented every(prenominal)day with a gravid injustice. Americans must tolerate these hayness acts and must bear with them every single day of their lives. In regards to very strong complaints by common citizens all over the united States, laws have tried to stop certain acts that these heathens commit. I have thought out this problem in todays society and have travel along up with a dissolvent that can stop this crime throughout the United States.This tender crime is that of smokers in every city of every cite in the United States. Not lonesome(prenominal) is the act of smoking disgusting, but also kills the somebody that is smoking and kills the people around that smoker. Smoking in social beas can cause every champion ill health like asthma, emphysema, lung malignant neoplastic disease, and ultimately ordain cause a premature death to people who are exposed to them on an everyday basis. My plan can benefit society and the well being of the smoker and the people that are usually exposed to it. I propose that the smokers be given laws and punishments that will eventually stop them from smoking and help the common citizen to live much healthier and longer lives. These punishments will consist of three parts, delicately and jail, beaten and slapped, and finally demoralized and executed. These murderous tyrants must be stopped as shortly as possible and my plan will do that. Since targets are the leading cause of preventable deaths in the United States, the act of smoking should be seen as the same as homicide. Although it takes longer to kill a person by smoking, it will eventually lead to death just the same. A study from the American Lung Association states that for every six people that die from cigarette related deaths around the world one of them is an American. In the United States, cigarettes are the cause of one in every five deaths. According to a U.S. sawbones Generals report, cigarettes contain four thousand chemicals and at least forty distinct cancer-causing chemicals. This should constitute cigarettes as a deadly weapon and the person who is smoking will be convicted for attempted murder if any person is around him or her. My plan consists of three very efficient punishments to stop cigarette smoking. First metre offence by a tyrannous smoker will be arrested and jailed for a minimum of thirty days and a maximum of one year depending of how many people were around that ... ...e human skillfuls of the victims around them? Are they not aloud to have healthy long lives? I say that the right to survive for the majority of the population is much more important than the rights of a so-called human being that tries to commit suicide and kill everyone else with them. Not only are adults affected, but children are also affected by cigarette smoke. Does the future for our children out way the rights for a smoker? I say it does undoubtedly.My three-step solution to first fine and ja il, second to beat and slap, and thirdly to demoralize and execute will stop all use and production of tobacco if enabled and enforced. I am a nonsmoker who has lost an aunt to this white shroud of death. Due to the effects of second hand smoke over the years my aunt acquired lung cancer at the age of twenty-four, she later died at the age of twenty-eight. Because of this fact I must strongly insist on starting my proposal as soon as possible to save the American population and the future for our children and our grandchildren. My proposal will greatly enhance the living environment for all people, in every city around the United States and ensure the quality of living for the future.

The Deadly Social Cloud Essay -- Smoking Tobacco Health Essays

The Deadly Social CloudOur society is tormented everyday with a grave in beneficialice. Americans must tolerate these hayness bes and must bear with them every undivided day of their lives. In regards to very strong complaints by common citizens all over the get together States, laws realise tried to stop certain acts that these heathens commit. I have thought out this problem in todays society and have come up with a solution that can stop this crime throughout the United States.This social crime is that of smokers in every city of every state in the United States. Not only is the act of green goddess disgusting, but also kills the person that is smoking and kills the people close to that smoker. Smoking in social areas can cause everyone ill health like asthma, emphysema, lung cancer, and in the long run go out cause a premature death to people who are exposed to them on an everyday basis. My plan can benefit society and the good being of the smoker and the people that a re usually exposed to it. I propose that the smokers be given laws and punishments that will eventually stop them from smoking and dish up the common citizen to live much healthier and longer lives. These punishments will consist of three parts, fine and jail, beaten and slapped, and finally lowerd and executed. These murderous tyrants must be stopped as soon as possible and my plan will do that. Since cigarettes are the leading cause of preventable deaths in the United States, the act of smoking should be seen as the same as homicide. Although it takes longer to kill a person by smoking, it will eventually lead to death just the same. A study from the American Lung Association states that for every six people that die from cigarette related deaths more or less the world one of them is an American. In the United States, cigarettes are the cause of one in every five deaths. According to a U.S. Surgeon Generals report, cigarettes contain four thousand chemicals and at least 40 dis tinct cancer-causing chemicals. This should constitute cigarettes as a deadly weapon and the person who is smoking will be convicted for attempted murder if any person is around him or her. My plan consists of three very efficient punishments to stop cigarette smoking. First time offence by a tyrannous smoker will be arrested and jailed for a minimum of thirty days and a maximum of one year depending of how many people were around that ... ...e human rights of the victims around them? Are they not aloud to have healthy long lives? I say that the right to survive for the majority of the population is much more grand than the rights of a so-called human being that tries to commit suicide and kill everyone else with them. Not only are adults affected, but children are also affected by cigarette smoke. Does the rising for our children out way the rights for a smoker? I say it does undoubtedly.My three-step solution to first fine and jail, second to beat and slap, and thirdly to demor alize and execute will stop all use and production of tobacco if enabled and enforced. I am a nonsmoker who has lost an aunt to this white drape of death. Due to the effects of second hand smoke over the years my aunt acquired lung cancer at the age of twenty-four, she later died at the age of twenty-eight. Because of this accompaniment I must strongly insist on starting my proposal as soon as possible to save the American population and the future for our children and our grandchildren. My proposal will greatly enhance the vitality environment for all people, in every city around the United States and ensure the quality of living for the future.

Poetry essay Essay

?How does Owen pures use language, form and structure to explore ideas intimately separation and division in Winter Swans? The Poem Winter Swans seems to convey a strong theme of natural manage. The song begins with setting a scene of a peaceful day, where record seems to be stilled after the torrential weather that is referred to in the first line through The clouds had given their all. It goes on to say that there was then a rifle, and throughout the verse form the poet uses words such as silent and rolling, stilling and slow-stepping to capture this scene of peace and serenity, as if the world was resting after being thrashed about by a storm. With the idea of a natural love, there obtains the confusion and the inartificial knowledge that love is not materialistic, a feeling and something that can not be brought on by force.Through all natural love stories come feelings of hurt and division. A separation that brings the subjects closer and strengthens the emotion. Sheers uses the theme of leaving, and then returning, or rage, and then peace, or the unknown, and then the known to reoccur throughout the poem, eventually strengthening the love, which could be argued as the main emotion of the poem. The poet too uses imagery such as lakes and swans, to signify the peacefulness, and also to symbolise love.You notice words that show the subject is not alone, with we and our. These words and also the motion of the swans, the lake, and the peacefulness are foreshadowing that the poem go out take a turning onto love that is more literate. However I dont think that the poems theme is so much about love in particular, but about a natural love, a natural pull that brings two people together even after hard times.Sheers uses Swans as a metaphor of love, the way swans will smoothly dip in and out of the water, and how they are known to curve towards and away from to each one other as if dancing on ice. They are the perfect example to show the way love will dr aw away and then come back. He uses vocabulary ranging from silent and rolling to righting and rough to show the separation and how quickly the emotions get confused, and how quickly compassion will turn into anger, and vice versa.The poem begins referring to this in the first stanza with weather, as raging storm. And then a break. The poet then adds on in which we walked, showing possibly that the subject and whoever they are with also went through a hard time, but are now peaceful along with the nature. In the fourth stanza it describes the swans halving themselves in the dark water, to portray a hard time, but then returning again like boats righting in rough weather It then moves onto the poems only piece of speech, they mate for life. Which rounds off the destination of the theme of the poem, that although there are hard times, they will always be pulled back together. The poem then shows this also applies for the people, as at the beginning of the poem it describes them as be ing silent and apart, but right at the end it shows them holding hands, symbolising how they are together. The poems theme is think with comparing them to a pair of wings settling after flight, to show that finally, the emotion has strengthened, and they can settle after the confusion and separation.

All Quite on the Western Front

HIST 234 March 21 All Quiet on the Western Front All Quiet on the Western Front is narrated by capital of Minnesota Baumer. capital of Minnesota was and a nineteen year old fighting in the German army on the French front with some of his classmates Albert Kropp, the cleargonst thinker among them Muller, a physics-inclined academic and Leer, who wears full beard and lusty nature for girls. Their friends include Tjaden, a skinny 19-year-old locksmith who love to down Haie Westhus a large peat-digger, also 19 Deterring, a married peasant and Stannislaus Katczinsky their wise and crafty 40-year-old leader.Page 3 they both joined the army voluntarily afterwards listening to the stirring patriotic speeches from their teacher, Kantorek. But after experiencing ten weeks of brutal teaching at the hands of the petty, cruel Corporal Himmelstoss and the unimaginable brutality of life-time on the front, capital of Minnesota and his friends have veridicalized that the ideals of nationalism and patriotism for which they enlisted ar simply empty line. They no longer believe that war is glorious or honorable, because they live in constant physical terror.At the very beginning of the book Erich Maria Remarque says This book is to be neither an accusation nor a confession, and least of all an adventure, for death is not an adventure to those who stand face to face with it. It will try simply to tell of a generation of manpower who, even though they may have escaped shells, were destroyed by the war. Page 0 This novel does not focus on daring stories of bravery, but rather gives a view of the conditions in which the soldiers find themselves. According to the writer no one has the vaguest idea what we are in for. The wisest were just poor and simple people.They knew the war to be a misfortune. rascal 11 The monotony between battles, the constant threat of artillery fire and bombardments, the young soldiers struggle to find provender and the lack of training of young re cruits meaning lower chances of survival. In the novel the author writes our early life is cut off from the moment we came here and that without our lifting a hand page 19. The young soldiers would often look back and try to find explanation but n perpetually quite succeed, since they consider themselves young and extraordinary vague because they were in the 20s they merely had their parents and maybe a girl, hich was not consider too much influences. Whereas older men have a strong cathode-ray oscilloscope that cannot be destroy, they linked to various life for example they had a family, wife, children, occupations, inte equalizer and a background which was strong, which means that war cannot destroy their memory of family. During the war soldiers fagged their time on the front line, in an infantryman and in front line chuckes. The working conditions became very predictable since it was spent mostly in the trenches. Soldiers revert the boredom of life in the dreary, lice-ridde n, diseases spreading, muddy and dusty trenches.The writer describes the unsanitary conditions of life at the front as Tjaden, tired of killing lice one by one, scrapes them off his skin into a boot-polish tin. He kills them by heating the tin with a flame. Haies lice have red crosses on their heads, and he jokes that he got them at a hospital where they attended the surgeon general. Paul remembers he and his friends were embarrassed to use the general latrines when they were recruits but now they find them a luxury. With Behms death, Paul and his classmates lost their innocent trust in authority figures such as Kantorek.Kantorek writes a letter to them filled with the empty phrases of patriotic fervor, calling them Iron jejuneness and glorifying their heroism. The men reflect that they once idolized Kantorek but now despise him they blame him for pushing them into the army and exposing them to the horror of war. They would wake up middle of the darkness by hearing loud booms. Acc ording to Paul he believed that they have lost their aesthesiss of other consideration because they are artificial since only the facts are real and important to them.Page 21 As Paul sits with Kemmerich who knew his leg has been amputated, he tries to cheer him up, but Kemmerich is convinced he will die, Paul has seen friends die before, but festering up with Kemmerich makes life harder, the orderlies were not helpful, and when they return, Kemmerich has died. Paul collects his things and they remove the body to free up the bed for more wounded. As younger soldiers arrived, Paul and his friends feel homogeneous mature veterans. Paul believes every company has one or two resourceful people, but Kat, a cobbler by trade, is the smartest he knows. Page 37.Paul is cheering to be his friend, and tells a story to illustrate his strength as a leader. For example Kat, bunking in a small, ravaged factory one night, Kat finding straw for the men to sleep on, and when they are hungry with no food, Kat goes off again and returns with bread and horse-flesh without providing an explanation. page 37 It was assumed that Kats sixth sense help locating food and his special talent. As men return from the fronts, they see the shells shattered and coffins pilled by the dozens, however they made jokes in order to outdo themselves from the unpleasant knowledge that coffin are made for them.Their first front was completely demolished by a direct hit and the second only to discover it has been buried. Captured Russian soldiers, who are reduced to picking through the German soldiers garbage for food, which means there might not be any food in the garbage. Food is so scarce that everything is eaten. Looking at the Russian soldiers, Paul can scarcely believe that these men with honest peasant faces are the enemy. Since nothing about them suggests that he is fundamentally different from them or that he should have any reason to want to kill them.Many of the Russians are slowly starvi ng, and they are stricken with dysentery in large numbers. But most people simply ignore the prisoners begging, and a few even kick them. When Paul returns to the front, he finds Kat, Muller, Tjaden, and Kropp understood alive and uninjured. He shares his potato cakes with them. There is excitement among the ranks the Kaiser, the emperor of Germany, is coming to see the army. In preparation for his visit, everything is cleaned thoroughly, and all the soldiers are given new clothes.But when the Kaiser arrives, Paul and the others are disappointed to see that he is not a very remarkable man. After he leaves, the new clothes are taken away. Paul and his friends muse that if a certain thirty people in the world had said no to the war, it would not have happened. They conclude that wars are useful only for leaders who want to be in history books. During the Great War millions men lost their lives in one of the greatest acts of barbarity the world has ever seen. The heroism and sacrifice of troops in the trenches is probably without parallel.The pretexts for execution for British soldiers had a common theme many were suffering shell shock or now recognized as Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. Most of those men were young, defenseless and vulnerable teenagers who had volunteered for duty. Millions of men lost their lives fighting for war and millions of men came home without a leg, an arm, or blind, or deaf, or mentally broken due to the things they had to live through in the trenches. Others had their lives cut short through the personal effects of poison gas, and injuries due to blast, with collapsed lungs.While others came home whole in body, appearing normal, but with such serious nervous and mental conditions that they could not work, and were confined to mental hospitals for the rest of their lives. It should be noted that most, especially on the Allied side, later believed the war to have been worthless. Technological and military innovations such as poison gas , the machine gun, and trench warfare revolutionized combat during World War I, and Remarque effectively dramatizes how these innovations made the war bloodier, longer, and more costly.In almost every case, military innovations make the soldiers lives more dangerous, while medical exam innovations lag increasingly far behind. Kemmerich, for instance, dies from complications from a relatively light wound. Glory and patriotism cease to be rational ideals in the conflict because advanced engine room limits the effect that an individual soldier can have on the conflict and alienates him from the consequences of his actions. Life and death thus become meaningless.

Describe How the Setting Can Value and Celebrate Individuality Essay

Describe how the setting can value and celebrate individuality The Nursery shows respectful aw arness of all the major events in the lives of the children and families in the nursery, and in our society as a whole and welcome the diversity of backgrounds from which they come.In order to achieve this, the nursery aims to acknowledge a range of pagan activities which are celebrated in our area and by the families involved with the nursery by- Without indoctrination in specific faith, children will be do aware of the heathenish activities which are being celebrated by their own families or others, and will be introduced where appropriate to the stories behind the cultural activities. We do this by asking any parents with specific interests, cultural differences or notes of interest are invited to come in to the nursery to talk to the children.The setting has had visits from Jewish Parents to discuss Hanukah, a Paramedic explaining their job and a visit from a Farmer with his tract or Children will be encouraged to welcome a range of different cultural activities together with the stories, celebrations and special feed and clothing they involve, as part of their diversity of life. Through play, the Nursery makes the children aware of other cultures and backgrounds.Recently to make children aware of The Chinese New Year the children made a Chinese Dragon out of two cardboard boxes and painted pictures using chopsticks. Children are invited to taste foods from different countries at snack time. These snacks include, Rice, Guacamole, Naan Bread and Pizza. They are also able to dress up in different cultural clothes. Children and families that celebrate at home cultural activities with which the rest of the nursery is not old(prenominal) will be invited to share their activity with the rest of the group, if they wish.The nursery has had visits from Jewish Parents to discuss Hanukah. Bilingual/multilingual children and adults are an asset. They will be valued and their languages appreciate and respected in the nursery. In these cases key words in their home language will be used by staff based on parental advice. The dietary rules of religious groups and also of vegetarians/vegans are known in the nursery and met in appropriate ways. Children who are unable to eat these excluded foods are offered an election at snack time.

American Indian Genocide Essay

When you think about Native Americans you think peaceful village pack but that is far from what really happened. What happened in the Holocaust was genocide but would you portion out what happened to the Native Americans was genocide? There atomic number 18 lots of opinions and feelings about what happened care the Trail of Tears in the Indian Removal Acts and the concentration camps where they were all moved from their land so the whites could build and the Indians would die of exposure. I dont think it was a full genocide but most of the characteristics fit, so I would pass judgment it an Internecine and an Indirect- race murder. If you think what happened to the Native Americans was not genocide, what would you label it? starting off Genocide it is the deliberate and systematic extermination of a national, racial, political, or cultural group.There are warning signs and tear downts that occur in genocide and they are usually has a king or a powerful leader, and in the Nativ e Americans story France and Britain had lots of power during the wars. Forcing kids and people to transfer to their beliefs or religion, and Indian kids were forced to go the camps to be taught the white mans ways. Also the person or people will deliberate both mentally and physically kill or attack a race. Indians were called stupid because of different ways to life and were killed because they were interrupted as savage.Then the is the word Internecine which is a negate or struggle of both sides that usually results in savage behavior and slaughter of both groups that also fits into Americas History. The Native Americans fought back in the French and Indian War that happened from 1756 1763 so that event in the Native American history was more of an Internecine then Genocide. The Europeans stereotyped the Indians The only nigh(a) Indian is a dead Indian, Philip Sheridan 1869, because of their beliefs.The History of the Native Americans was made up of lots of wars and battles th at can go under different labels. I would consider what happened on the Trail Of Tears from 1830 1837 was not a full genocide but I would label it an Indirect Genocide. Genocide contains deliberate mental and physically kill or attack a race, but in the Trail of Tears the Indians were not directly killed but the environment and lack of supplies killed them. The US politics knew that the conditions were poor and that many would die but they did not care as long as they were off the land so they could expand. It was indirect murder because they send them on a Trail of Death and did not kill them strait out like in the Holocaust where Hitler would kill Jews because they were Jewish.I would label that it was an Indirect-Genocide even though the Indians fought back they were out gunned and evenly forced to leave. I the beginning when pilgrims from Europe first tried to settle on North America they were killed by the environment when the Indians watched. The Native Americans could have wiped them out but they knew that where they can from had strong military and maybe would send people to kill them for the death of the travelers and that reason it why lots of people say it was not genocide. I find it quite ironic that in the start the Europeans were weak and dyeing from poor conditions then the Indians helped them hand power, then the Trail of Tears the Europeans sent the Indians on a walk where they died from conditions and environment but they had no one help them like the Native Americans had in there time of need.Some people did not even know all the terrible things that built North America so we would try to label it with the same event as something bad like the Holocaust to try to show the level of the event. There are lots words to categorize what happened in the Native Americans throughout history, but as long as you can back it up it is an appropriate label. The history of the Native Americans is like a go made up of many different pieces because it was not all one event or one war. My opinion I that it was not full Genocide but Indirect-Genocide and Internecine and I showed my facts and reasoning and you can agree and disagree. History cannot be labeled one thing, the only thing history has in parking area is it made life the way it is today.

Emancipation Proclamation in 1863

To what extent were Afro-American slaves free after the abolition of thraldom by the emancipation Proclamation in 1863? What challenges did they face after their liberty? This is a subject of continued interest. History is rife with records of decades of untold torture and harrowing experiences. African-American slaves suffered at the custody of their captors and masters. They were denied all natural pay offs as serviceman beings and forced to live like animals. A slave was viewed as one-third of a person and the property of their causeer(s) and treated as objects, mere things.One would therefore discover that after their emancipation, life would become significantly better because the slaves were free to move a office from the torturous hands of their masters. Indeed these slaves were truly hopeful to live as free peck in their new land of opportunities. Regrettably, many of them faced incredible opposition and discrimination even after emancipation. Being emancipated from slavery did not, for instance, make the causation slaves enjoy equal treatment as the white population.Life continued to be unbearable for them. Thus by and large, the emancipation of the African-American slaves did not truly free them nor directly wind instrument to an increased quality of life or standard of living. It was only the beginning of that dream. Investigation Over the track of many centuries the idea of license has been tossed bottom and forth, constantly being modified to fit the standards of those times. This ideology has also steadily progressed through history.As far back as history can tell us, independence was virtually non-existent. People were under the absolute rule of kings and monarchs. As revolts and rebellions occurred against these monarchs the idea of freedom gradually evolved. Citizens began to see that they were equal as human beings and had rights, thus refused to blindly follow their incapable leaders any longer. With this change also came a r evolution in the government. different forms of leading a nation were being considered besides the ever so popular and rominent monarchy, such as a constitutional monarchy in which the people were effrontery significantly greater freedom and involvement in decision making processes, which would eventually become a rough design for our modern day democracy. provided in the case of African slaves in the United States, this hierarchy of absolute power and control appeared insurmountable. Forced to live terrible lives on plantations at the hands of their masters in horrendous conditions, being free someday was all they had to keep them going.This wish was fulfilled in 1863 with the creation of the Emancipation Proclamation by Abraham Lincoln. The slaves were now free to become independent and lead their own lives. entirely emancipation, as a matter of fact, was only a large stepping stone for the slaves. But for a few privileged slaves who served as house servants, the sunrise-to-sun set back-breaking jobs on farms and plantations became their vocation for which many were unaccustomed to.They were punished for any flimsy reason with a cast of objects and instruments including whips, knives, guns and field tools. They were hanged, forced to walk a treadmill, placed in chains and shackles or in various contraptions such as thick and heavy metallic element collars with protruding spikes that made fieldwork difficult and prevented the slave from sleeping charm lying down. Even the most kindly and humane masters used the threat of military force to force these field hands to work from dawn to dusk.Runaways were also heavily punished, mercilessly flogged in the presence of all the slaves assembled from the neighboring plantations, chained with heavy weights obese the neck, or chained to an separate person, sometimes of the opposite sex for an extended period and flogged repeatedly. As if that were not enough, the wounds of the slaves whipped were burst and rubbed with turpentine and red pepper. Enslaved minacious women were rape by their owners, members of their owners families, or their owners friends, and children who resulted from such rapes were slaves as well.Being pregnant did not spare a slave woman the whip or rod. A smother was dug for her to rest her belly while being whipped. They were also at constant risk of losing members of their families if their owners decided to sell them for profit, punishment, or to pay debts. Slavery so was dehumanizing in every sense of the word. The Declaration of Emancipation was monumental, and came with the renewed sense of hope that life after their emancipation would become significantly better.Being free, the former slaves envisaged being able to live with a sense of purpose and pride in a land ripe with a cornucopia of opportunities waiting to be capitalized on. Spirits were high and celebration took place as ideas and fantasies of a rich lifestyle with a good standard of living were being f ormulated. 1 For some ex slaves, their dreams became somewhat of a reality as their fight for survival during slavery helped them develop the wits needed to copy in their new found world.Unfortunately, there were many tragic disappointments, as nearly all the slaves that were emancipated were forced to return back to their old masters after leaving the plantations, starving and diseased. 2 legion(predicate) were not able to survive on their own. This came as a result of both internal and external forces being somewhat trapped by their own helplessness, insecurities, lack of knowledge3 and still viewed as slaves by the whites. Even though former slaves became free to travel throughout the south daring to leave the plantation to gabble or search for loved ones from whom they had become separated was no small feat.Other challenges also included deciding on a name as well as the more elusive task of creating an identity with no sense of ones ancestry, making choices for themselves a bout where they labored and the type of work they performed, the use of usual accommodations, providing for ones daily needs and pursuing an education. When one lives at the hands and mercy of a master who controls every aspect of ones life, starting unspoiled in a foreign country can prove to be a difficult task. For many of them, the dream was short-lived.In many respects, the slaves were not merely responsible for their burdens or inability to rise to freedom. Simply declaring that the slaves were free did not go far enough to enable them become self-determined. They needed the help and counselor of those in control not only to survive but also to thrive. Without much land, money, materials or no legal title to aid them, they soon became freed in name only, rather than as legal citizens who were entitled to the most basic liberties. It was no wonder news about the passing of the Thirteenth Amendment in January 1865, was greeted with euphory and relief.This new chapter in Amer ican history was to fully abolish slavery in the United States, freeing four million African Americans. Men and women black and white, and in the North and South began the work of rebuilding the shattered union and of creating a new tender order called Reconstruction that would hold many promises. some(prenominal) young blacks also joined the army upon encouragement from military generals, lured in by the prospect of earning money and the being accepted by the whites. 4Furthermore, with the protection of the fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments to the Constitution and the Civil Rights Act of 1866, citizenship was to be granted to all people born or naturalized in the United States and guaranteeing that no American (including the freed slaves) would be denied the right to vote on the basis of race. With that, the freed Southern black men began to exercise this right to vote and actively participate in the governmental process, many being elected to the United States Congress and l ocal offices.Racial lines seemed to begin to diminish as coalitions of white and black Re state-supportedans passed bills to establish the commencement ceremony public school systems in most states of the South, although sufficient funding was hard to find. Freedom truly seemed to fill the air. They also met in annual conventions across the nation and issued heart-felt addresses to the people of the United States, to affirm their status as citizens and implore the support of fair-minded white people.In spite of the daunting challenges, former African-American slaves were determined to succeed in their new found freedom and they did making significant strides in establishing their own churches, towns and businesses. Their quest for equality, and the opportunity to live in harmony with any other ethnic group in the country5 prompted their swift rejection of President Lincolns 1862 offer to segregate them to the District of Columbia, which they could colonize. Even with the winds of the Thirteenth Amendment on their backs, the ride to freedom was everything but smooth.Opponents of this progress soon rallied against the former slaves freedom and began to find means for eroding the gains for which many had shed their blood. Some Whites were even skeptical in the first place, stating that the slaves should have at least been in some way educated or prepared for freedom, before it was so suddenly thrust upon them so they didnt become an evil and menace to the welfare of the entire country. White supremacists sought to return blacks to their subordinate status under slavery. They resurrected barriers and enacted new laws to segregate society along racial lines.They limited black access to transportation, schools, restaurants and other public facilities. The groundbreaking advances of Reconstruction were quickly being reversed. Extreme racist Southerners hated them just as much if not more than before they were freed. Forming anti-black groups such as the Klu Klux Klan they continued to harass and persecute them with unimaginable acts of violence. As rioting increased by wild white people against African Americans whom they accused of stealing their jobs millions of these former slaves began living in a constant state of anxiety and fear..While most blacks were denied their right to keep and bear arms and therefore unable to protect themselves or their families, lynching increasingly became the weapon of white mob terror. A combination of homogeneous acts of oppression such as fraud and intimidation were also employed to reduce black voting and regain control of state legislatures. Laws or render passed such as poll taxes, residency requirements and literacy tests made voter registration and elections more complicated which overwhelmingly disadvantaged blacks.Litigation to challenge such commissariat at the state and national levels were to no avail as the Supreme Court upheld the states decisions. Their treatment and accommodations bec ame inferior to those provided for white Americans, systematizing a number of economic, educational and social disadvantages. Black soldiers for instance, were not given as much pay as their fellow white soldiers, and it was only until they appealed through a letter to Abraham Lincoln that this polity was changed to even the pay scale. 6 Segregation in all public facilities, with a supposedly separate but equal was also mandated.Conclusion The crux of the Emancipation Proclamation which advocated abolition of slavery was easier said than done. It simply raised the hopes of many enslaved African Americans about the prospect of freedom only to leave them still despairing. African Americans continued suffer from segregation, lack of education, and political disenfranchisement. Freedom for them appeared to be superficial, if at all existent only fulfilling their desire to truly make lives for themselves, while ignoring or depriving them of the means to achieve it.They were still unpr otected from the brutal attacks suffered at the hands of anti-Negro groups7 who still despised them, and granted no help in developing a new lifestyle. The lack of equality, legal or human rights made achieving anything remarkably unfair and near impossible. Life was just as it was under the bondage of slavery. consequently for all the good intentions for the abolition of slavery , the Declaration of Emancipation did not truly spell freedom and equality for all African-American slaves, nor did it directly lead to a lasting increased quality of life or standard of living.It was a huge step towards the beginning of a long, painful struggle for freedom far longer and more difficult than anyone could realize. The ruling government could and should have done more to quell the uprisings the emancipation triggered, and worked towards helping the former slaves establish themselves while integrating them with other groups to live in peace. It was the thirteenth amendment passed after the e nd of the American Civil War which permanently abolished slavery and also paved the way for further amendments to the constitution that would brought complete freedom for the former slaves.

A Sequence for Academic Writing Essay

The purpose of this web set of The National Abortion and Reproductive experts Action League (NARAL) Pro-choice America, is to to show their advocacy for the amend of a woman to choose and her right to privacy with regards to reproductive health. The exclusivity of the issues tackled in this locate suggest that their concern is concentrated on specific tear downt matters affecting the conditions of women in the society such as stillbirth, use of birth control, teen-pregnancy, reproductive health issues of women of color and legislation ab turn out the work upment of the right of a woman to choose.Also, the site offers variant means on how women with these build of problems can understand and take action. 2. What is the subject matter of this site? The subject matter of this site is about the right of every woman to choose and her right to privacy regarding womens reproductive health. 3. What is the purpose of the site? The purpose of this site is to empower women about their sexuality. They aim is to campaign the freedom of women to decide for themselves without being scrutinized or discriminated by the society.Also, the website provides m any information about the pro-choice legislation and policies for women, research, campaigns and other advocate organizations to educate visitors about the mentioned subject matter. 4. Is this site for, against, or neutral as far as the subject matter is concerned? This site is evidently pro-choice and for the privacy of women. One of the sites objective is the prevention of unintended pregnancies by provding women more than access to birth control and sex education to lessen the occurence of abortion.But they believe that abortion should be made legal and safe to give options to women whether they want to puruse their pregnancy or not regardless of their reasons. 5. Does the site offer anything unique? Does it tell you more than you could find out in an encyclopedia? This site offers a variety of information rangi ng from research done by NARAL Pro-choice America to government legislations and policies. The media means of the site is composed of choice-related topics from other publications or websites such as The Buffalo News, Fox News and Colorado Springs Gazette.Other sources argon background materials, quotes, and story ideas or experiences of women. 6. Did you learn anything? Was the site worth visiting? In this site, I have learned the dilemmas experienced by women lift officularly when it comes to their reproductive health and choices. In these kind of situations, women are torn between choosing the right thing or what is for their best interest. Moreover, this site re eithery gives a comprehensive outlook about the fight to advance the rights of woment to choose and privacy.Visitors of this website will really have an elightening experience when they read the content. 7. If you were compiling a bibliography of sources about the subject matter of this site, would you include or exclu de it from your final list? Yes, I would use this website as one my sources if I am writing a research about the subject mater because it has a atomic number 53 point of view which is supported by many arguments which are valid and practical. Writing Exercise 2 Analyze the Web site National Right to liveliness. 1.As stated on page 295 of A Sequence for Academic Writing, Web pages generally fall into one of six types, each with a different purpose (1) entertainment, (2) business/marketing, (3) reference/information, (4) news, (5) advocacy of a particular point of view or program, (6) personal page. What type is this site? Why do you conceive of this? This is an advocay website that upholds the importance and presenrvation of vivification. They are against any act that would endanger any human vitality such as abortion. 2. What is the subject matter of this site?The subject of this website is focussed on protecting and giving importance to all human life. In line with this, the information contained on the website clearly suggest that the organizers, National Right to Life Committee, are opposed to abortion and issues related to medical ethics such as euthanasia and infanticide. However, the site does not tackle and does not provide any opinions or views on contraception, sex education, capital punishment, and national defense. 3. What is the purpose of the site? The purpose of this site is to encourage visitors of the website to patronize theiradvocacy which is to disseminate information and at the same time convince people about the negative effects of abortion, infanticide, and euthanasia to an individual and to the society 4. Is this site for, against, or neutral as far as the subject matter is concerned? This site is against the promotion, advocacy and conduct of abortion, infanticide, and euthanasia but the site also advocates the propagation of the notion that human life is valuable so any act that tries to eliminate it should be punishable by law. 5. Does the site offer anything unique? Does it tell you more than you could find out in an encyclopedia?The site of the National Right to Life Committee used different data to support their objective. Its extensive database is focused on these deuce-ace aspects abortion, infanticide, and euthanasia. The site includes other realted links from other websites as well, media press releases and current legislation updates about the subject matter. 6. Did you learn anything? Was the site worth visiting? I have learned that even though the US has a liberated culture, many citizens still possess conservative views specfically about the protection of human life whether that individual is an infant or an adult. 7.If you were compiling a bibliography of sources about the subject matter of this site, would you include or exclude it from your final list? Yes, I would by all odds use this website as a bibliography source if I were to tackle the subject matter. The website contains many inform ative data from their own database and outside sources as wells such as information from orgazations with similar objectives, the US government and media publications. Having all these information would make my research very substatntial and extensive. Revision Activity 1 Go to paw Analysis Read the article analyzing the sample of handwriting provided.Answer the following moves regarding the digest. 1. What is the causalitys initial impression of Walter Raileys handwriting? The analysts initial impression on Walter Raileys handwriting is that Railey has self-control but his emotions are repressed. These characteristics were presumed by the analyst as an indication of having a compulsive personality. 2. What are three of the particular elements of Raileys handwriting the author analyzes? The author analyzed the writing strokes, spaces between the letters and hand pressure which became the three major foundations in analyzing the personality of Railey.3. What element of Raileys ha ndwriting does the author thinks reveals his weak self image? According to the analyst, the diminished and sometimes near threaded middle zone, comminuted compared to upper and lower zones, together with an insignificant and defensive ppI, represent his weak self-image (Arnold Walker Railey). 4. Explain what analytical tool the author is using in enounce to analyze Raileys handwriting. Is the author credible in applying this analytical tool? The author searched for patterns in Railes handwriting.Then, the changes in these patterns are noted and analyzed in accordance with the personality of the subject. Moreover, based on the findings, the author was able to make a detailed analysis of the handwriting indicating his/her expertise about it. Also, the patterns of the handwriting helped the author to de margeine the elements that would expose the individuality of Railey. 5. Once the analysis is complete the author offers a summary of his findings. Are his summary findings concurrent with his initial impressions? The summary part is the synthesis of all the findings regarding the handwriting of Railey.With regards with the concurrence of the initial impression with the summary is that both were able to provide similar information. However, in the initial impression the descriptiom is abbreviated but in the summary it is a little bit more detailed. 6. At the end of the page you will find a link to a forgetful biography of Walter Railey. Follow the link and read the biography. How accurate is the authors analysis of Walter Raileys character, based on his handwriting analysis? later on reading the biography of Walker and comparing it with the results of handwriting analysis, the former made some very accurate portrayal of the real Walter Raileys.In the analysis, Railey was rendered as selfish, emotionally repressed, and having dual personality which were all apparent in his historical background. Railey was selfish because he only cared about himself and he igno red his family and friends. Also, his emotional repression was shown when he move to kill his wife and commit suicide. More so, his dual personality was demonstrated when he was charaterized as a charismatic religous leader and also as a controlling and indifferent individual. Revision Activity 1 Go to Handwriting AnalysisRead the article analyzing the sample of handwriting provided. Answer the following questions regarding the analysis. 1. What does the analysis say that the dark strokes represent about Bill Clinton? According to the analyst, the dark strokes of Clintons handwriting indicate a great deal of energy and an efficiency to work hard and for long periods of time (Canoles Bill Clinton). 2. What does the analysis say about the little tents under Clintons words? The little tents suggest how firm, and even stubborn, Clinton can become once his mind is made up (Canoles Bill Clinton). 3.How accurate do you find the analysis comments from what you know about Bill Clinton? gr ound on his administration when he was death chair and my impression about Bill Clinton, I could say that the handwriting analysis was close to my ideas. Since Clinton was elected as president for two consecutive terms, it suggested that he was well-liked by his consitutents and that he did a great job in doing his taks as head of the state which is very similar with the field of study of the authors analysis that Clinton is fair and objective when working on initiatives or with people (Canoles Bill Clinton). 4.Go to Clinton Biography Read a short biography on Bill Clinton. What comments from the analysis seem accurate according to the short biography? According to the first short biogrphy that I read, Clinton achieved numerous accomplishemnts dugin his term as President of the United States. Some of these were the increase of employment for Americans, reductionsof tax for businesses and many others. In the handwriting analysis, Clinton was depicted as direct, efficient, can prior itize easily, detail-oriented and a pragmatic idealist which are characteristics needed in order to make positive accomplishments.(Canoles Bill Clinton). These qualifyers corresponded with the characteristics of Clinton shown on the biography. 5. Go to Handwriting Analysis Read a second short analysis of Bill Clinton. How do the two analyses compare/contrast? According to the second short biogrphy that I read, Clinton was described as an good for you(p) and a charismatic political leader loved by the people. However, he was involved in a sex controversy that influenced many people to question his credibility.But after being found not guilty from the charges against him, he gradually redeemed himself by initiating productive changes in the US and in the supranational scene. When the handwriting analysis was compared to the biography, the fomer made accurate descriptions of Clinton solely based on his handwriting that matched the information from the latter. But there were some info rmation that were not sustain by the biography such as the early emotional hurt experienced by Clinton that caused him to have a protective cautin. Nothing was said in his biography about any incident that might have a negative impact on him.So this piece of data still persist in questionable. Nevertheless, the majority of information in the handwriting analysis were similar to the actual personal and historical background of Bill Clinton. Write Journal ( Two paragraphs only) witness an advertisement in U. S. a magazine and a) describe the ad, then b) analyze it by discussing all of the following the color in in the ad, the message (or words) of the ad, and who or what is the focal point of the ad. How do all of these aspects work together to try to get you to buy the product?In the rainbow ad by skittles, the texts incorporated stated, If you filled all the worlds maracas with skittle, no one would ever know. This literally means that the maracas would not be heard because pe ople are going to eat the Skittles which will supposedly make the sound for the maracas. These texts were colored using all the rainbow colors which are also the colors of the Skittle candies. It was like the ad was bursting with colors which insinuated that if a someone eats a Skittle, the flavors would also burst inside the mouth.More so, in a caption below the ad which says, Hear the rainbow, grasp the rainbow, suggests that the appealing look of the Skittles is also transcended to the taste which is composed of different flavors similar with the colors of the window. When all these elements are combined, the ad makes a powerful visual that is both enticing and informative.Works CitedArnold, Rosemay. Walker Railey. 2006. Handwriting. org. 14 July 2008 . Canoles, June. Bill Clinton. 2006. Handwriting. org. 14 July 2008 .

Prescription Drug Abuse Essay

prescription medicine medicate ill- hide has had a strong hold on American society for decades and it does not appear to be diminishing. date whatsoever medicines swallow decreased in popularity over the years others have maturationd. For instance, there has been a hang glide in the popularity of Ecstasy and other Club drugs and an increase in marijuana part over the recent few years. While society has taken steps in the right direction by sustenance treatment programs for addicts and drug ab social function pr tied(p)tion programs overmuch more must be done to cut back the current trend of substance ab enjoyment in our culture. For now, we go forth be arguing upon the ab go for of ethical drug(prenominal) drug drugs.What Are Prescription doses?Prescription drugs atomic number 18 medications regulated by the U.S. government. These medications are helpful in treating a variety of health conditions and are plainly available when ordained by a doctor or other hea lthcare professional. The government restricts these medications because they whitethorn be harmful if they are not taken major powery or if they are combined with other medications (Firshein, 2005).Doctors and other healthcare professionals are lavishlyly trained and see at selecting the best medication to use for a current condition. The type of medication and the dosage prescribed is carefully determined. Its very important that the doctors directions are followed exactly to help treat the condition for which it was prescribed and to pip sure the medication doesnt cause un lossed effects (Kalb, 2001). twain recent events of deaths occurred due drug abuse. Tabloid star Anna Nicole Smiths son Daniel died of a drug over drug, an inquest jury in the Bahamas ruled on March 31st 2008 (Reuters). Australian actor Heath legers death was an accident ca utilise by the abuse of prescription drug drug medications, the New York City medical testers side said on February 6th 2008 (Reuter s).Taking prescription drugs in a focus that hasnt been recommended by a doctor can be more dangerous than hoi polloi think. In fact, its drug abuse. Moreover, its just as illegal as taking roadway drugs. entirely some pack experiment with prescription drugs because they think they will help them have more fun, dope off weight, fit in, and even use up more effectively.Prescription drugs can be easier to get than street drugs Family members or friends could have a prescription. that prescription drugs are also sometimes sold on the street like other illegal drugs. A 2006 depicted object Survey on medicate Use and health showed that among all youths olden 12 to 17, 6% had tried prescription drugs for recreational use.Most patients take medical specialty responsibly, but approximately 9 million Americans utilise prescription drugs for non-medical purposes in 1999, according to the National base on drug smear (NIDA). nary(prenominal)-medical purposes embroil misusing prescription drugs for recreation and for psychic effectsto get proud, to have fun, to get a lift, or to calm polish.Experts stress that prescription drug abuse isnt about bad drugs or even bad flock. It involves a complex web of factors, including the power of addiction, misperceptions about drug abuse, and the difficulty both patients and doctors have discussing the topic.Why? Some people think that prescription drugs are safer and slight addictive than street drugs. After all, these are drugs that moms, dads, and even kid brothers and sisters use. But prescription drugs are only safe for the individuals who actually have prescriptions for them. Thats because a doctor has examined these people and prescribed the right dose of medication for a specific medical condition. The doctor has also told them exactly how they should take the medicine, including things to avoid maculation taking the drug such as drinking alcohol, smoking, or taking other medications. They also are aw are of potentially dangerous side effects and can monitor patients closely for these.Other people try prescription drugs because they think theyre not doing anything illegal because these drugs are prescribed by doctors. But taking drugs without a prescription or sharing a prescription drug with friends is actually gaolbreak the law. Some people mistakenly think that prescription drugs are more powerful because you need a prescription for them. But its possible to abuse or become addicted to over-the-counter (OTC) medications, too. For example, dextromethorphan (DXM) is build in some OTC cough medicines. When someone takes the numeral of teaspoons or tablets that are recommended, everything is fine. But high doses can cause problems with the senses (especially vision and hearing) and can lead to confusion, stomach pain, numbness, and even hallucinations.A Look In The previous(prenominal)According to the 1999 National Household Survey on dose corrupt, in 1998, an estimated 1. 6 million Americans employ prescription pain relievers non-medically for the first time. This represents a significant increase since the 1980s, when there were generally fewer than 500,000 first-time users per year.From 1990 to 1998, the number of new users of pain relievers increased by 181 percent the number of individuals who initiated tranquilizer use increased by 132 percent the number of new sedative users increased by 90 percent and the number of people initiating stimulant use increased by 165 percent. In total, in 1999, an estimated 4 million people almost 2 percent of the population aged 12 and sometime(a) were using certain prescription drugs non-medically pain relievers (2.6 million users), sedatives and tranquilizers (1.3 million users), and stimulants (0.9 million users) (oas.samhsa.gov).More RecentlyData from the 2003 National Survey on medicate Use and Health (NSDUH) indicate that 4.0 percent of youth ages 12 to 17 account non-medical use of prescription medic ations in the quondam(prenominal) month. Rates of abuse were highest among the 18-25 age group (6.0 percent). Among the youngest group surveyed, ages 12-13, a high percentage reported using psychotherapeutics (1.8 percent) than marijuana (1.0 percent)The National Institute on Drug Abuse Monitoring the Future survey of 8th, 10th, and twelfth graders put in that the non-medical use of opioids, tranquilizers, sedatives/barbiturates, and upper berths was unchanged between 2003 and 2004. Specifically, the survey found that 5.0 percent of 12th graders reported using OxyContin without a prescription in the past year, and 9.3 percent reported using Vicodin, making Vicodin one of the most commonly do by licit drugs in this population.Past year, non-medical use of tranquilizers (e.g., Valium, Xanax) in 2004 was 2.5 percent for 8th graders, 5.1 percent for 10th graders, and 7.3 percent for 12th graders. Also within the past year, 6.5 percent of 12th graders used sedatives/ barbiturates (e .g., Amytal, Nembutal) non-medically, and 10.0 percent used amphetamines (e.g., Ritalin, Benzedrine) (oas.samhsa.gov).Which Drugs Are Abused?The most commonly used prescription drugs fall into three classes OpioidsExamples oxycodone (OxyContin), hydrocodone (Vicodin), and meperidine (Demerol)medical uses Opioids are used to treat pain or relieve coughs or diarrhea.How they work Opioids attach to opioid receptors in the central nervous system (the brain and the spinal anesthesia cord), preventing the brain from receiving pain messages. Central Nervous System (CNS) DepressantsExamples pentobarbital sodium (Nembutal), diazepam (Valium), and alprazolam (Xanax)Medical uses CNS depressants are used to treat anxiety, tension, panic attacks, and sleep disorders.How they work CNS depressants slow down brain activity by increasing the activity of a neurotransmitter called GABA. The extend is a drowsy or calming effect. StimulantsExamplesmethylphenidate (Ritalin) and amphetamine/dextroamphet amine (Adderall)Medical uses Stimulants can be used to treat narcolepsy andADHD.How they work Stimulants increase brain activity, resulting in greater alertness, attention, and energy (Vranken, 2007).What Are the Dangers of Abusing Medications?Whether theyre using street drugs or medications, drug maltreaters often have trouble at school, at home, with friends, or with the law. The likelihood that someone will bill a annoyance, be a victim of a crime,or have an accident is higher when that mortal is abusing drugs no matter whetherthose drugs aremedications or street drugs.Like all drug abuse, using prescription drugs for the wrong reasons has serious risks for a soulfulnesss health. This risk is higher when prescription drugs like opioids are taken with other substances like alcohol, antihistamines, and CNS depressants.CNS depressants have risks, too. Abruptly stopping or step-down them too quickly can lead to seizures. Taking CNS depressants with other medications, such as pr escription painkillers, some over-the-counter cold and allergy medications, or alcohol can slow a persons heartbeat and breathing and even kill.Abusing stimulants (like some ADHD drugs) may cause heart stroke or seizures. These risks are increased when stimulants are mixed with other medicines even OTC ones like certain cold medicines. Taking too much of a stimulant can lead a person to develop a dangerously high body temperature or an irregular heartbeat.Taking several high doses over a short period of time may make a drug abuser aggressive or paranoid. Although stimulant abuse might not lead to physical dependence and withdrawal, the feelings these drugs obtain people can cause them to use the drugs more and more often so they become a habit thats hard to break.The dangers of prescription drug abuse can be made even worse if people take drugs in a way they arent supposed to. Ritalin may seem harmless because its prescribed even for little kids with ADHD. But when a person sno rts or injects Ritalin, it can be serious. And because there can bemany variations of the same medication, the dose of medication and how abundant it stays in the body can vary. The person who doesnt have a prescription might not really know which one he or she has.Probably the most common result of prescription drug abuse is addiction. People who abuse medications can become addicted just as easily as if they were taking street drugs. The reason many drugs have to be prescribed by a doctor is because some of them are quite addictive. Thats one of the reasonsmost doctors wont usually renew a prescription unless they see the patient they want to examine the patient to make sure he or she isnt getting addicted. (Vranken, 2007)Extent of Use Data from the National Drug Intelligence Centers 2006 National Drug Threat Survey (NDTS) reveal that 78.8% of state and local law enforcement agencies reported either high or moderate availability of illegally diverted pharmaceuticals (National D rug Intelligence Center, 2006).According to the 2006 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH), approximately 49.8 million Americans aged 12 or older reported non-medical use of any psychotherapeutic at some point in their lifetimes, representing 20.3% of the population aged 12 or older.Nearly 7 million Americans aged 12 or older reported current (past month) use of psychotherapeutic drugs for non-medical purposes, representing 2.8% of the population. In this report, psychotherapeutics include any prescription-type pain reliever, tranquilizer, stimulant, or sedative but do not include over-the-counter drugs (Substance Abuse and Mental Health go Administration, 2007)Percent of U.S. Household Population 12 and Older inform Past Month Non-Medical Use of Psychotherapeutics, 2006, by Age12-17 18-25 26 or older 12 or older Non-medical use of psychother.3.3%6.4%2.2%2.8%Pain relievers2.74.91.52.1OxyContin0.10.40.10.1Tranquilizers0.52.00.50.7Stimulants0.61.30.30.5Sedatives0.20.20.20.2 Additional data from the 2006 NSDUH show that 2.2 million people, aged 12 or older, initiated nonmedical use of prescription pain relievers within the past year.Each year, the Monitoring the Future (MTF) study asks drug use and related questions of 8th, 10th, and 12th graders nationwide. MTF provides usage estimates for alcohol, tobacco, illegal drugs, and substances that are only legally available by prescription. The study includes data for the non-medical use of amphetamines, stimulants including Ritalin, and sedatives (barbiturates) including methaqualone, tranquilizers, the narcotic pain relievers Vicodin and OxyContin, as well as GHB, Ketamine, and Rohypnol, which is not legal for prescription in the United States. Survey respondents were asked to exclude from their responses any use of prescription drugs that occurred under medical watchfulness (National Institute on Drug Abuse and University of Michigan, 2007).MTF data for 2007 show that lifetime prevalence rates for amphet amine use without a doctors orders were 6.5% for 8th graders, 11.1% for 10th graders, and 11.4% for 12th graders.Percent of Students Reporting life Non-Medical Use of Psychotherapeutics, 2007, by rack upDrug 8th Grade 10th Grade 12th Grade Amphetamines6.5%11.1%11.4%Sedativesn/an/a9.3Methaqualonen/an/a1.0Tranquilizers3.97.49.5 more or less 9.6% of 12th graders surveyed in 2007 reported annual (past year) use of Vicodin without a doctors orders.Percent of Students Reporting Annual Non-Medical Use of Prescriptions, 2007, by GradeDrug 8th Grade 10th Grade 12th Grade OxyContin1.8%3.9%5.2%Vicodin2.77.29.6Amphetamines4.28.07.5Ritalin2.12.83.8Sedativesn/an/a6.2Methaqualonen/an/a0.5Tranquilizers2.45.36.2According to data from the Bureau of Justice Statistics, approximately 21.3% of State prisoners and 16.9% of Federal prisoners surveyed in 2004 indicated that they abused depressants at some point in their lives. For this report, depressants were defined to include barbiturates, tranquilize rs and Quaalude (Bureau of Justice Statistics, 2006)Tips for Taking Prescription MedicationWhat if a doctor prescribed a medication for you and youre worried about becoming addicted? If youre taking the medicine the way your doctor told you to, you can relax Doctors know how much medication to prescribe so that its just enough for you. In the correct amount, the drug will relieve your symptoms without making you addicted.If a doctor prescribes a pain medication, stimulant, or CNS depressant, follow the directions exactly. here(predicate) are some other ways to protect yourselfKeep all doctors appointments. Your doctor will want you to visit often so he or she can monitor how well the medication is workings for you and adjust the dose or change the medication as needed. Some medications must be halt or changed after a while so that the person doesnt become addicted.Make a note of the effects the drug has on your body and emotions, especially in the first few old age as your body gets used to it. Tell your doctor about these.Keep any information your apothecary haps you about any drugs or activities you should steer clear of while taking your prescription. Reread it often to move yourself of what you should avoid. If the information is too long or complicated, ask a parent or your pharmacist to give you the highlights.Dont increase or decrease the dose of your medication without checking with your doctors office first no matter how youre feeling.Finally, never use someone elses prescription, and dont allow a friend to use yours. Not only are you putting your friend at risk, but you could suffer, too Pharmacists wont refill a prescription if a medication has been used up before it should be. And if youre found giving medication to someone else, its considered a crime and you could find yourself in court (Vranken, 2007). In conclusion, abusing prescription drugs can affect your relationship with your family. It can hit problems at school and with your fut ure education. You may end up losing some longtime friendships or be forced to give up some of your favorite activities. Moreover, you could get into some serious problems with the law. Listed above are so many reasons not to abuse what can be of good use. As Albus Dumbledore said in book one of Harry Potter, use it well.BibliographyDavid Friedman. Drugs, Violence and Economics. Retrieved on May 2 2008, from http//www.daviddfriedman.com/ faculty member/drugs_and_violence/Drugs_and_violence.htmlKalb, Claudia. (2001). Playing With Painkillers. Newsweek. 45-47Firshein, Moyers. (2005). Our Current Policy PBS Home. PBS.Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. (2007). Results from the 2006 National Survey on Drug Use and Health National Findings (Office of Applied Studies, NSDUH Series H-32, DHHS Publication No. SMA 07-4293). Rockville, MD. Retrieved on May 2 2008, from http//www.oas.samhsa.gov/nsduh/2k6nsduh/2k6Results.cfmMichele Van Vranken, MD, November 2007. Retrieve d on May 2 2008 from The Nemours Foundation. http//www.kidshealth.org/PageManager.jsp?dn=KidsHealth&lic=1&article_set=39861&cat_id=20140&Prescription Drug Use and Abuse by Michelle Meadows. Retrieved on May 2, 2008 from http//www.fda.gov/fdac/features/2001/501_drug.html. U.S. Food and Drug AdministrationNational Drug Intelligence Center, National Drug Threat Assessment 2007, October 2006Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Results from the 2006 NationalSurvey on Drug Use and Health National Findings, 2007National Institute on Drug Abuse and University of Michigan, 2007 Monitoring the Future Drug Data Tables, December 2007Bureau of Justice Statistics, Drug Use and Dependence, State and Federal Prisoners, 2004, 2004, October 2006

Fast food is something that every American knows about Essay

nigh likely you, the person reading this has had straightaway food before, and probably enjoyed it. Whether it may be Mcdonalds, Burger King, Taco Bell, doodly-squat in the Box, KFC, etc. T present is nonhing as cheap, quick to add up, and tasty as fast food. With the of all time-growing state of obese Americans, citizenry argon looking for a reason and for close to that reason is fast food. now according to the CDC (centers for disease control) the definition of overweight is having a BMI (body mass index) of 25-29.9 and the BMI for an obese person is 30 or higher. Could it be that fast food is causing 78 million Americans 20 years or older to be obese, or that 17% of all children and teens in the US are over weight because of it? I think not. Sure, fast food may not be the healthiest choice for you, but seriously, no wiz is forcing you to wash up that cheeseburger and no one is forcing you to racket that soda. You see fast food is not the problem, the decision reser vation of the obese American population is. Now dependable so were clear I cause nothing a make upst obese community and on that point is a big difference between a short chunky, which is okay and obese.Now just so your aware of the obesity problem here in America, heres whatever cold hard facts about obesity. Here in the US more than 35% of adults are considered obese, thats more than 78 million people across the country that are obese. 17 percent of children and young adults are obese, which is triple the rate of a generation ago. Studies exhaust shown that obesity gives you a greater chance of getting type2 diabetes and even cancer.If you are wondering why thither are so many obese people in America today just ask your self a few simple questions. Would you or else go for a nice evening jog or nonplus home and watch your favorite TV show? Would you rather eat a salad or something not as healthy like a burger or pizza? And finally would you rather go to the gym or hang o ut with friends? If I had to guess Id say most of you would rather hang out with friends, eat junk food, and watch your favorite TV show. You see most people have the time to work out and eat right they just choose not to and just like every choice made in life it comes with its benefits and consequences. You dont have to pay for a gym member ship just walk up some move or play catch with your kidsor take a walk at the park, anything is obviously break dance than nothing.Now researchers pull up stakes argue against my claims, and thats understandable. Theyll mention that 33 percent of children and adolescents in the U.S. consume fast food on a typical day theyll also state that on average adolescents will visit a fast food restaurant twice a week. Well all I have to say to that is whose fault is that? How are these kids buying the fast food? With their parents gold of course. Why cant the parents make them something healthy and control what there kids eat instead of give them money to eat fast food? Its the parents fault that the kids are alimentation fast food so often. Fast food isnt going to make you obese unless you eat it most of the time. If you eat it occasionally but you also eat your fruits and vegetables youll be fine. It is crazy to subsist that in the U.S. 49% of money spent on food is spent away from home. Which means people are choosing to buy food from restaurants and other places rather than go to the grocery store and cook at home. That component is always increase due to the fact that people now a days are looking for more convenient ways of getting there food. If your wondering just how much money is be spent on quick service restaurants, in 2011 quick service restaurants were expected to gain 168 billion dollars, 3% more than 2010. If people would just go on half the amount of money that they usually spend on fast food and cook a nice healthy meal instead there would be no problem with fast food. Once again the decisions of the American people are to foot. pass on the gym and help yourself get slim. Studies have shown that tangible activity plays a big role in loosing weight but of course you knew that, its common sense. But what many people dont know is that according to the CDC (center for disease control) fewer than 2 out of 10 Americans and less than 30 percent of adults get the recommended level of exercise. Also that more than 25% of U.S. adults do not devote any time to physical activity, the worst states being Louisiana, Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi, Oklahoma, and Tennessee. It is very intriguing that correlations have shown that those states with the least amount of exercise have the most health problems. Type2 diabetes is mostly triggered by obesity, and in 1980 5.5 million adults had it now approximately 25.6 million adults have type2 diabetes.The ever so increasing percentage of obesity and decreasing percentage in physical activity is definitely to blame. An interesting fact is that by lo osing weight and getting from overweight to normal you can save on average $1400 a year on medication. If you dont have time to hit the gym, there are a few tips that can help you get fit. First dont drink soda on average if you drink a soda can a day youll gain 15 pounds in a year, that is if you dont work out of course. Take the stairs or walk around the block, a few extra steps could be the difference in yearning some extra calories, and finally anything is better than nothing, curl some soup cans or do some crunches while watching TV. Any of those things can help you with your obesity, then you wont have to blame it on fast food.Fast food companies are now making a bigger push to do healthier items in their stores, but it is up to the customers to get them otherwise it is all for nothing. McDonalds is taking the biggest step with there new items like the all fruit smoothies, apple slices, salads, and there brochures that show you there below 400,300,200, and coulomb calorie i tems. Jack in the box is jumping on board as well with their 3 choices of salads, and serving grilled chicken instead of fried in there sandwiches. These fast food irons are realizing that healthy is the new way to go but yet the majority of people in America arent. We need to watch what we eat, eat healthier brown rice or bread instead of white, more fruits and veggies and less burgers, next time you go to mcdonalds get a salad instead of a large(p) Mac it might change your life.In conclusion the fast food industry is not to blame for Obesity in the United States of America. Theyre taking steps in the right direction and the people of America should too. We need to start exercising more and getting active because that is the true reason for the increasing obesity. Make better decisions in your life style, choose a healthy one and like I said get a salad next time you go to McDonalds. http//www.getamericafit.org/statistics-obesity-in-america.html http//www.huffingtonpost.com/2012 /08/14/obesity-rate-by-state_n_1774356.html

Herzog and de Meuron-Caixa Forum

Forum Madrid implements a freshly concept in social and cultural centres, offering a comprehensive and innovative programme that enhances the combine capacity of culture and its importance for peoples communication and well-being. Part of that being the combination of h matchlessst-to-goodness and new form. The visibility of the Tate Modern(a power station turned into a museum) led the director of the Caixa Foundation, Luis Monreal, to commission Herzog & de Meuron for the overhaul that emerges as a live lieu opening its doors to the public.The la Caixa Foundacion wanted the CaixaForum Madrid to be a living centre that opens its doors on the Paseo del Prado to place itself at the service of citizens. Within the la Caixas cultural initiatives, the CaixaForums provide permanent mental synthesis venues where some of their cultural activities such as exhibitions of ancient, modern and contemporary art, music and poetry festivals, multimedia art, debates on contemporary issues, soci al seminars, educational and family-oriented workshops may be housed, as well as their ongoing and, typically, permanent exhibits.Knowledge is promoted and personal growth enhanced for citizens of all ages. Though the buildings exterior performs sculpturally, the programmatic desire is to be an experiential system. Along with the cultural operation and importance to the program, the bring of the space is carried through in how it affects the senses. Each program perfoms differently, playing with materials, shapes, and lights. Pleated and welded steel continues from the lobby ceiling and wraps up through the entrance staircase that leads the people into the building through the pattern and re? ection.The lobby walls atomic number 18 made of concrete, but the lights mimic the pattern of the staircase pulling one in and enlarging the space. The foyer and auditorium atomic number 18 covered by a deploye type expanded sheet metal mesh, creating an undulating, dynamic structure. Being underground, this opens the space and lifts the feeling of con? nement. The ? oors of the foyer and auditorium are laid with American oak making an inviting environment. The art drift ? oors are a continuous white terrazzo paving, made from powdered marble, cement, resin and ? bres lighting the space and making it continous, making visitors more drawn in.The main stairs are a continous ruled surface that invites occupiers through. The humiliate ? oor of the new expansion acts as a transition that is labyrinthe-like in the material movement and change that pulls one up into the upper ? oor. The upper ? oor consists of the irregular, perforated cast iron panels that coincidewith the glass surfaces create a form of release from the rest of the building, allowing views across the roofscapes of Madrid. CaixaForum Main Gallery- 4 CaixaForum- 3 Smaller exhibition halls 6 Chidrens workshop- 5 8 CaixaForum Madrid 06 05

Pets.com Case Analysis Essay

INTRODUCTIONIn this report I pass on analyse courts.coms minuscule lived success as the Statess number superstar online supplier of positron emission tomography foods supplies and accessories. I allow for overly identify what actually went wrongfulness and present a refreshed offensive commercialise placeing dodge to the board of the company. It was unbelievable how a public listed company direct by some of the worlds best line of credit executives, draped by all the bullion that any company in the world would envy, partnered with the worlds number single e-commerce company and became Americas ducky industry icon bottom lose e genuinelything in less than two geezerhood after its first introduction.In my opinion some of the major factors that contri onlyed to courts.com failure were 1. Bad strategical decisions make by the previous leadership including underestimating the cost of operations and overspending on marketing. The man agement was so obsessed grabbing th e market sh atomic number 18 scarce at the comparable m losing their think altogether on their actual conclusion and objectives, which is generating revenue for the company and become profitable to ensure sustainability.2. Despite its success in building grease recognition, Pets.com overestimated the market trend and power of the meshing. They were also overconfident in estimating the market real potential and riskiness due real shallow and weak market research. When both angiotensin converting enzyme was rushing to jump onto the internet e-commerce guaranteed-for-success bandwagon, Pets.com did non puddle pet business was non that simple but in fact more than complicated equald to selling books and clothes online. After all the costly marketing promotions and advertisements, overnight popularity, having the or so complete online harvest-feast set upings and current technology at their disposal, lifelessness in the end Pets.com failed to show much added value an d differentiators in the eye of the customers.3. Completely ignored the power of conventional brick and mortar business model. Pets.com failed to understand their rivals strengths and weaknesses well. Better customer care, consolatory personal pastureping experience and fast obstetrical sales talk are some of the advantages bodily stores had over online pet portals. Pet witnessers appreciation of these traditional values affected typical pet-owners readiness and willingness to completely aban gain their affable and trusted around-the-corner neighbourhood pet store.COMPETITOR ANALYSISThe previous company did not bring up a good proposal in opposing its competitors. It was so obvious that they ignored the fact that traditional pet store was really much controlling the pet food and supplies market. Underestimating the strengths and advantage of their more traditional brickand-mortar based rivals like Petstore, Petsmart and Petopia was the first biggest mis gain they had done.C ompetitor AnalysisPetopia.com1. Heavily funded by Petco, market leader in pets accessories and supplies industry 2. Well established physical stores electropositive e-commerce business model 3. Leverage on Petcos good and well known reputation as supplier of musical note pet products and its fealty to puppet care.4. Petopia will gain invaluable access to Petcos extensive network of chain stores which two companies idler cross-promote each separatea. Have nationwide coverage with 465 chain stores all over US b. Strong international presence with 100 stores globally5. Potential Pes.com future international expansion thru strategic alliance with another major investor Groupe Arnault (linked to renowned LVHM Moet Henessey Loius Vuitton) PetSmart.com1. Already a successful brick and mortar business on its own right. Considered as Petcos main brick and mortar competitor2. Joint venture with e-commerce entrepreneur summit Gross of Idealab become direct competition to Pets.com- ama zons team up.3. Well established physical stores plus e-commerce business model 4. Strong back-end warehouse and delivery systems with already 500 stores nationwide and 100 foreign US.5. Strong cross out name, marketing clout, close vendor relationships andefficient product portfolios and fulfilment systems that would greatly benefit their online business. Petstore.com1. Funded by venture capital firm Battery Ventures2. Rely entirely on the power of e-commerce. work on on the same business model as Pets.com, establish a leadership position with form killer domain name 3. Just like Pets.com, Petstore relied heavily on advertize and promotions 4. No physical store establishmentAt the end of the day, after the big dotcom bubble burst, only Petopia (now owned by Petco) and PetSmart survived. Petstore and Pets.com itself succumbed to the dotcom bubble burst. Two most obvious factors that set apart the two victors and losers are 1. PetSmart and Petopia had a unshakable back-end war ehouse backing and chains of physical stores that in the end tame distribution costs, storage, ensure acceptable delivery period and value-add traditional shopping experience and rapture. Unlike the two, Pets.com and Petstore.com relied entirely on the internet of which afterward compromised basic pet owners needs and customer satisfaction.2. Pets.com and Petstore relied heavily on funding from venture capital firms term Petopia and PetrSmart already deem strong infrastructures and customer network they can al slipway depend on if anything goes wrong over the internet. This proves deadly when Pets.com failed to gain enough added capital injection to save them from becoming dotcom bubbles biggest casualty.It is very important for us to re-align our goal and strategically repositions ourselves in this industry. The following SWOT analysis shall analyses our differentiate strengths and weaknesses.Pets.coms SWOT AnalysisSTRENGTH1. Huge cash to spend. Heavily funded. Backed by Ama zon.com. 2. post access to Amazon.coms network resources and e-commerce skills and expertise, so technology skills and know-how is not an issue.3. Strategic alliance with Yahoo, GO.com (Disney), breakthrough TV network (Animal Planet) and association with the American Veterinar Medical Foundation can be a very strong network positioning strategy.4. Pets.com is the most recognizable domain name, mellowedly visible website with most panoptic website content and best design. Pets.com website is so popular in the internet and mainstream media that at one time becomes the most shout outed pet supplies website in the world.5. nearly agonistical hurt and service offerings (plus free delivery). Able to offer quality products of which becoming todays key plus factor to the passionate middle-class and high income pet owners.6. Largest stock keeping units (SKUs) in America to ensure reliable supply and on time delivery to customers.WEAKNESS1. Competitors offer similar products. Pets.co m still could not find key market differentiator. 2. Huge mind-set on online marketing and promotion. Specialized team to maintain up-todate and latest website content and information may aim increasing administration costs. 3. Pets.com have weak brand name as compared to more established rivals. 4. Pets.com dont have physical stores presence nationwide and globally. 5. Re obligation and security on the internet can halt and even destroy online business almost overnight.6. High transportation costs and insurance liability due to free delivery policy to customers regardless location7. Geographical factors, warehouse location and place may result to 2-3 days for orders to reach American homesOPPORTUNITIES1. Pets.com can leverage further on Amazons full potential-market penetration and trustworthy e-commerce reputation2. Can take full advantage on average American pet owners passion and spending habits on pet food and supplies3. The right time to tap into the worlds fast growing and lucrative national and international markets.4. Can take advantage on the fact that most trusted and high quality pet foods are produced in the US5. Can take advantage on average American pet owners hectic lifestyle. invoke cost and time saving.6. Average American pet owners are economically stable. Price is not a big issue. 7. Develop own brand name and proprietary productsTHREAT1. There will always be a better competitors website content and offerings 2. Dont underestimate internet capabilities-consider problems at inappropriate sites and countryside 3. Simpler user-friendly blogs, mobile applications and smartphones can replace website 4. Increasing transportation and shipping costs5. Transportation risk-lost and terms6. Internet customer problematic experience, unfavourable comments and reviews can sabotage any 3online business that is not ready and fully prepared7.Growing e-commerce safety concerns can influence internet users to exclusively browse and shop at competitors outlet8. Competitors physical stores at almost US neighbourhoods-providing more gay approach (touch and feel) and faster delivery time9. Hard habit to break-still some pet owners prefer visit local neighbourhood stores than buying online10. Competition by any brick and mortar neighbourhood establishment Pet supplies are not books. People only order pizzas online-Amazon.com strategy may not work at certain environment and condition. Pets.com need to show bettervalue-add and pull-factor.SEGMENTATION ANALYSISPets.com have the best products to offer and the technology to drive this online business model to success, but in the end not understanding the consumers real needs, behaviour and spending habits can prove vital to the companys survival and relevancy. consort to study reports by The NPD Group, Inc. and Media Metrix (NASDAQ MMXI), 75% of pet owners who access the Internet are aware of online pet stores, up from 55% in September 1999. Twenty-seven percent have shopped at an onlin e pet store, term 14% made an actual leveraged at an online pet store.Study confirms that almost three times as many pet owners become aware of online pet stores from television advertising compared to last stratum, while fewer are learning somewhat sites from surfing the Web. Though television advertising in the category is growing, consumers are still more likely to find out about pet e-tailers from some online source, such as clicking on a banner ad or direct link from another site.The good news for marketers is that while category penetration is still low, customer satisfaction is high. Among the 14% who have purchased, a whopping 97% of them are satisfied with their buying experience. More than two-thirds reported being very satisfied (68%), up from just over one- half(a) in September of 1999 (53%). The majority of consumers who have shopped at pet store sites verbalise they are likely to shop again in the next three months (59%), and half would make a purchase sometime in the future (49%). Not surprisingly, those consumers who are very satisfied with their buying experiences at online pet stores in general are much more likely to make a purchase in the future than those who have not.The Pet IndustryIn 1998, pet industry is a US53billion a year marketplace. Worldwide estimates run about $51 billion, and growing at a rate of about 15 percent ayear. By the end of 2004, online pet-product sales alone should total more than $4.5 billion. Pet food, accessories and supplies tops US firm shopping list with Pets leading with USD23 billion a year, Toys US21billion a year. medicinal drug recording US13 billion a year and Retail books at US 12 billion a year. Expert prediction is the pet industry may grow to US28billion a year business by 2001.1. 60% of American households own at least(prenominal) one pet and 40% own more than one pet. Statistics in 1999 shows 53 million are dogs and 59 million are cats.2. American families with children age 5-15 likely to ow n pets and families with children younger than 18 will grow over the next several years3. Even though online shopping for pet foods and supplies are still new to the consumers, nearly 30% of internet users purchase online pet products. Pet owning households wealthier than average thus able to spend more on pets (65% household earning US60000 or more are pet owners). Almost two-thirds of all American households have at least one pet, and that translates into an estimated $23 billion a year in pet expenditures in the U.S. alone. 4. Veterinary,boarding,grooming,training yielded higher bounds.5. Most pet owners buy on impulse during regular shopping trips and they are less price metier 6. US pet owners sought veterinary care at least once a year of which 92% are on dogs and 78% on cats care. Between 1991-1999 US vet expenditure grew 9.5% per annum 7. By mid 1990s supermarket pet food began losing market share amid growing concern for pet welfare and nutrition. Non-premium low nutrie nt levels supermarket brands hold 55% of market share mostly thru grocery and lash-up stores. They anyhow demonstrate slow annual tuition and small gross margins. Premium levels on the other hand promote healthier diet but risk restricted distribution. From 19940-1999 they contributed to 18% annual growth and own 25% of market share.8. Supermarkets prefer to stock profitable goods but they face problem with topographic point to store bulks. Pet supply stores on the other hand have the storage advantage. Despite that brick-and-mortar margin still low between 2-4%.9. Internet and retail commerce trends shows estimated 97 million households are victimization internet worldwide. By 1998-60% households on internet at least once a day compare 35% year before. Surfing the internet has become part of part of daily American life. In 1998 internet companies in the US generated USD301.4 billion revenues from the internet and internet commerce alone contributed 1/3 of total revenue equals to USD101.9 billion10. Even though pets product online just started in 1999, survey shows high level of satisfaction among online shoppers. More than half of 30% internet users purchase online pet products, more than half very satisfied. Survey showsa. 68% are femalesb. 40% bought toys for pets onlinec. 30% bought foods/treatsd. 26% non-food accessoriese. 17% health products11. The main reasons why they buy online was convenience but experts claim it is limited to small market only and it is also outweighed by higher costs and longer waits.THE MARKETING OFFENSIVEWhen more than one company offers the same kind of product, each company only receives a lot of all sales of that kind of product. This percentage is called a market share, and any effort to take some of the market share away from one company and bring it to another is called an offensive marketing plan.Marketing is all about building relationships. Its about educating (and maybe even entertaining) your customer. While we mu st(prenominal) not deny the growing influence of the internet, Pets.com must not underestimate the power of traditional pet business model.Alternative strategies that could improve Pets.com1. Decrease the advertising and marketing budgetsa. This will create opportunity to relocate funds elsewhere such people development and customer careb. Ability to make-up for low sales volumec. Wasting less notes on expensive marketing promotions2. Open warehouses and brick-and-mortar establishments to increase distribution a. Ability to ship products in shorter distances to reduce transportation costs and risks b. Provide faster delivery time may increase competitive advantage c. More pronto available products for easier delivery or for exchanges 3. Redo pricing structure for more competitive pricesa. Make profits on the product not on the inflated shipping costs b. Pets.com can offer free shipping promotions without selling at price below costs c. Consumers authorization on Pets.com product q uality will keep existing customers and introduce new ones. Customer satisfaction leads to customer loyalty. 4. Invest the use of new media such social networking and blogs. This may attract younger generation of pet owners5. Introduce subscription and loyalty program. Other than improving customer retention it can also be used qualification tools to offer free delivery or charge based on geographical location and distance.6. Improve Pets.com brand name. Association with Amazon and Animal Planet may prove very useful in attracting loyal fans.7. Collaboration with vets and animal clinics promoted as local distributors can reduce delivery time and stock availability.8. Identify specific target groups. For example individual consumers will more readily use products used by government facilities and pet care professionals.CONCLUSIONThe failure of Pets.com was not because the online business model. In fact it was more to mismanagement of funds, business planning based only on short term analysis, poor market understanding and research, underestimatingtraditional rivals and overestimating the power of internet. It was a classic case of bad strategy.The failure to face the challenge. If you fail to identify and analyse the obstacles, you dont have a strategy. Instead, you have a stretch goal or a budget or a list of things you respect would happen. Pets.com was an early entry in the immature online shopping industry and was uncertain whether a substantial market niche even existed. No independent market research preceded the launch of Pets.com. Instead, the management chose a take grab strategy focused on increasing its market share then finding ways to make a profit. The land grab strategy presupposes that your market is large enough or will grow fast enough so that revenue allows a profit before seed cash runs out.Pets.com wished that it would magically become profitable while it waited for the market to mature. During its first fiscal year (February to Septemb er 1999) Pets.com earn revenues of $619,000, yet spent $11.8 million on advertising. It failed to realize its problem would not be gaining market share, but generating revenue to sustain it until it could place adequate resources into market share focused strategies.Mistaking goals for strategy. Create the conditions that will make the push effective, to have a strategy worthy of the effort called upon.When the company did turn its focus to its business model, it created unrealistic conditions in which to operate effectively. For example, Pets.com offered a guaranteed $4.95 shipping to anywhere in the United States. Unfortunately, Pets.com initially only had one distribution warehouse in California and every shipment to the East coast cost more than $4.95 and therefore shipped at a loss. It lost money on nearly every sale because, even before the cost of advertising, it was selling merchandise for almost 1/3rd the price it paid to obtain the products. During its second fiscal yea r the company continued to sell merchandise for approximately 27% less than cost. The company had it sites on being the number one online pet supplier but failed to leverage key strengths to build on other than a very costly push for brand recognition.Bad strategic objectives. A scrambled mess of things to accomplisha dogs dinner of goals. A long list of things to do, often mislabeled as strategies or objectives, is not a strategyGood strategy, in contrast, works by focusing energy and resources on one, or a very few, pivotal objectives whose accomplishment will lead to a cascade of favorable outcomes. As I researched Pet.com history, I was amazed by the number of strategies the leadership claimed. Not all inclusive, CEO Julie Wainright and executives focused on numerous initiatives in an attempt to stand out from the competition.1. Strive to offer a huge variety of product offerings it listed more stock keeping units than any other online pet supplier2. Offer abundant pillar advi ce from veterinarians, animal lawyers, breeders, scientists, and pet experts3. Extend its brand offline in the Pets.com print magazine4. Develop and offer its own proprietary brand of Pets.com pet supplies 5. Acquire a key competitor, Petstore.com6. Create alliances to allow Pets.com to offer animal health insurance, be the featured petstore on the Yahoo link to pet health advice, be a part of the Go.com (Disney) network, and establish charitable foundations.These all seem like good objectives, if focused on one at a time. They also seem like objectives fueled by capital but not sustained by revenues. The management of the company appeared so focused on several objectives that it never unquestionable a solid business model focused on being profitable and generating sustainable returns. tout Superficial abstractiondesigned to mask the absence of thought. According to analyst Jacques Chevron, Pets.com failed to give its prospective customers a reason for its existence. Its tongue-in -cheek advertising claim (Because pets dont drive) seemed like anadmission of its deficiency of a reason for being. Pets.com seemed focused on being the most comprehensive site for pet owners that it failed to besuccessful in any of its objectives. While it continued to claim it was the one-stop site for all pet needs, it never established a reputation as being good at anything other than advertising.Bibliography1. Pets.com Rise and ancestry of a Pet Supply Retailer by Dr Omar Merlo 2. The Rise and Fall of Pets.com Because Pets Cant sully by Cara L.O Peters (University of Georgia) and Marilyn J. Okleshen (Minnesota State University) 3. Pets.com failure and its causes http//my-espace09.blogspot.com/2009/01/petscom-failureand-its-causes.html 4. Pet & Pet Supplies Stores Industry Statistics Research Report Anything Research 2010. 5. US Pet Market Outlook Packaged Facts 2009.