Question Drama reflects real life on stage Essays - Fiction, Film

Question: Drama reflects real life on stage Text: The Twelve Angry Men Drama has been used to reflect real life experiences and issues on stage. This is exemplified in Reginald Rose's play "Twelve Angry Men" which depicts the different types of prejudice within the American subconscious symbolized through 12 jurors who must make a judgment on a boy accused of murder. The anonymity of characters in the play generalises the American population, based on the Juror's personality, dramatically reflecting the common mentalities of Americans during the 1950's. Rose cleverly uses Juror 8 to persuade the rest of the Jury that the boy is not guilty beyond reasonable doubt, whilst simultaneously convincing the audience as well. Rose's diligently concocted characterizations of jurors allows us to understand the significance of the drama, which accurately reflects real life on stage. The dramatization of prejudice in the play "Twelve Angry Men", is demonstrated as interference in the course of justice. This is highlighted in the introduction where all jurors enter the jury room with preconceived notions, ready to convict the defendant due to his social status rather than evaluating the evidence presented itself. The 4th Juror's stereotypical statement, "slums are breeding grounds for criminals," may be statistically justified, however, this is not actual proof that the suspect is guilty, demonstrating the capability for prejudice to cloud judgement. Rose also portrays personal prejudice as impacting on an individual's judgements, which is exemplified through Juror 3's personal bias towards his own son who left him. This transforms into a generalised prejudice against the younger population, thus creating tension. The 8th Juror's statement, "prejudice obscures the truth," suggests that that he is aware of the impact of prejudice on logic, and hence a fair verdict to bring justice. This problem is used to dramatically reflect the issue prejudice, distrust and depression within the American population during the Cold War. The unusual anonymity of the characters dramatically allows the audience to judge characters for who they really are and reflect their personality to real life people. Rose removes any detailed plot descriptions, names or specifics in the play. Jurors are simply referred to as a number, the defendant as the accused' and even the witness as the old man', illustrating that the function of the jury is more important than the details of their identity. This anonymity of characters allows Rose to break them up into less specific individuals that symbolises a cross section of the American population, as each Juror has a different perspective and looks at the evidence from different angles. As the play develops, we are immediately able to make some conclusions on characters based on the information provided. The anonymity of the play hence dramatically reflects American society, and due to no specifics of characters we are forced to make similar substitutions based on personal experien ce. During the play we are given many different perspectives of the case, which are given to seed doubt within the audience's mind. However, these perspectives can also be obscured by personal matters that are irrelevant to the case, as the jury are not trained in legal judgement. This is exemplified in the statement by Juror 7, "This better be fast, I got tickets to a ball game tonight," which highlights his open lack of interest in the verdict of the jury. In contrast to this, Juror 8 fully focuses on the case and throughout the course of the play, aptly examines, questions and manipulates evidence and other opinions. The discomfort of the situation at the beginning of the play is illustrated through the pathetic fallacy of the hot and sticky atmosphere, but this also portrays the depressing atmosphere surround the time in the 1950's. However, this weather soon changes into a storm, reflecting the tension and conflicting moods within the jury room. Juror 8 finally succeeds in pe rsuading the rest of the jury, thus successfully changing the audience's mind as well. The play concludes with the defeat of prejudice and irrationality through justice, however the accuracy of the final verdict is not demonstrated by Rose. This doubt at the conclusion of the play plagues the psychologies of the audience due to the ambivalence of whether they were right' in

pride essays

pride essays This excerpt taken from the play Antigone written by Sophocles has many different implications. If this idea were to be true, this quote suggests that every crime is caused by pride and that if man did not have pride there would be no crimes and all mistakes would be fixed. One is also able to realize that this quote testifies to the idea that all men do make mistakes, but those who fix them are good and those who dont are evil. If this is true than a mans value and character is determined by his actions. All men do make mistakes, but in cases when they are unable to mend them, it does not make them evil. Additionally, what may prevent a man from acknowledging his crime is not only pride, but also the effect it can have on others. In Death of a Salesman, by Arthur Miller, Willy makes a great many mistakes in his life. These mistakes are in all cases repairable but this does not make him an evil man. One of Willys greatest mistakes is that he depends on the company he works for and believes that they will be as loyal to him as he has been to them. It is not just Willys pride that keeps him believing that even if he is not as successful as he used to be that he will get promoted and keep his job. It is also reasonable expectations of the respect that the company should have for him due to the sacrifices he makes for them. By the time Willy realizes this mistake though, it is too late for him to repair it in anyway. He can apologize and regret his mistakes, but he can not change the past. No matter how many apologies Willy may make to his family, and how much he may regret it, it will not change the situation he is in. Willys mistake was having trust and faith and others but this is not something that makes o ne evil. He did try to fix some mistakes in his life, but others he was unable too based upon how it would hurt others. For instance, Willy can apologize to his wife for the unfaithful ...

Sam 386 assig 4 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Sam 386 assig 4 - Assignment Example The benefits consider the list of resources that are available to the participant of the athletics program. For Laser high school, there exist nine areas of benefit, which includes the equipment and supplies, scheduling of the practice time, per diem, coaching, locker rooms, medical services, publicity, tutoring, and support services. The equipment and supplies include the apparel, instructional devices, specific supplies and equipment, and apparel and uniform. Therefore, during the visit uniforms such as travel bags, shoes, and warm up were examined to ensure that the female and male participants have comparable attires. Most schools preferred the rotation based on some number of years. For instance, in the first year the basketball uniform for boys and girls were bought. In the second year, soccer attires were bought, in the third year softball and baseball attires were bought, in the fourth year tracks for the volleyballs and cross-country was bought. During the fifth year, the cycle started all over again. In Laser, a crucial aspect for the component was the policy on the basketball team of the girls that compete on the prime date. The policy of the high school is that every year, the basketball teams of the girls must need to schedule forty percent of the regular season contests during the prime date. The percentage of girls was necessary irrespective of the home game for boys. The percentage for the prime date was calculated by dividing the number of home matches on Friday, Saturday, and Sunday by the number of home matches scheduled (Carpenter, 2000). The program component involved the mode of transport, distance travelled, lodging, and meal that are offered for the teams. Specifically, the factors that were important include the means of transport; bus versus van, school bus versus the luxury charter, clinic and camps, arrangement of meals from booster group or restaurant, and the

Todays Business Environment of JetBlue Case Study

Todays Business Environment of JetBlue - Case Study Example Indeed, business has been growing as a result of the strategy but the problem is that it is not fully sustainable in the long run which has influenced the airline to seek leadership changes. Â  Today’s business environment is characterized by an increasing intensity of competition, rapid technological changes as well as the ever-changing needs of the customers and the employees. Success in this dynamic and competitive environment depends on the extent to which the organization develops, implements, monitors and evaluates its business strategy (Temtine, 2001:1 as cited in Roussow 2003). At times the organizations fail not because of the strategy but the execution of the strategy. Thus the aim is to develop a strategic management and competitive advantage plan in order to ensure the viability of the airline in the long run. Â  Against all odds, JetBlue managed to gain a competitive advantage since its inception due to different reasons. Through embarking on the value chain, the organization managed to attract many customers since it was rated as one of the airlines offering best service. The concept of value chain entails that value chain entails that any business ought to separate its business systems into various activities which can add more competitive advantage to its operations (Robinson 1997). For instance, the aim would be to offer the customers with first class service which would be valuable in other activities to the customers. Part of the system of value chain involves identification of the customer needs as well as the generation of sales. There would also need to offer support to the customers after the services have been sold to them. The primary activities of value chain would also involve infrastructural development which can support the control systems as well as company culture.

PBA Murr vs Wisconsin Case Analysis

PBA Murr vs Wisconsin Case Analysis Adem Mehmetaj I. The question being asked is should two legally distinct but commonly owned contiguous lots of land be combined for takings analysis purposes? Joseph P. Murr and his family bought 2 lots approximately the same size and at different times. The issue before us is that Murr no longer wishes to hold one of the lots and St. Croix rules that he is not allowed to sell only one of the lots due to environmental concerns. Petitioners claim that state and federal courts are in substantial conflict with respect to the issue at hand and cite numerous cases in an attempt to derive support for their proposition. Those cases as well as the examples provided below all involve different facts and circumstances. They confirm that a flexible, ad hoc, approach has consistently been used by the lower courts to define the relevant property and to determine whether compensation is due. The Wisconsin appellate court ruled that because the two lots are contiguous, and happen to be owned by the same people , this Courts parcel as a whole rule from Penn Central requires combining the two parcels for takings analysis. From the Murrs perspective, Lots E and F are two separate parcels, created as legally separate lots, taxed separately, and purchased separately. The lots were never developed together, and were purchased for completely different reasons. Nevertheless, because the Murrs own both parcels, the Wisconsin court ruled that these two parcels combined were the Murrs parcel as a whole. This conclusion was driven by the contiguous ownership. II. The parents of Joseph P. Murr and his siblings (the Murrs) purchased two adjacent lots (Lots E and F) in St. Croix County in 1960. The two lots together made up approximately .98 acres. In 1994 and 1995 respectively, the Murrs parents transferred Lot F and Lot E to their children. In 1995, the two lots were merged pursuant to St. Croix Countys code of ordinances. The relevant ordinance prohibits the individual development or sale of adjacent lots under common ownership, unless an individual lot was at least one acre. The ordinance further specified that if each lot is not at least one acre, the lots may be measured together to equal one acre. Seven years later, the Murrs wanted to sell Lot E and not Lot F. The St. Croix County Board of Adjustment denied the Murrs application to sell the lots separately. The Murrs sued the state and county and claimed the ordinance in question resulted in an uncompensated taking of their property and deprived them of all, or practically all, of th e use of Lot E because the lot cannot be sold or developed as a separate lot. The circuit court granted summary judgement to the state and county. The Court of Appeals of Wisconsin affirmed and held that the Murrs were not deprived of their practical use of the property. Nevertheless, Petitioners submitted their plan to the St. Croix County Board for consideration. The Board denied their plan and refused to make an exception to the longstanding regulations. Instead of modifying the plan or submitting a less-intrusive plan that complied with the existing regulations Petitioners filed this lawsuit alleging a regulatory taking. The Supreme Court confirmed the parcel as a whole rule in Keystone Bituminous Coal Association v. DeBenedictis, where coal operators asserted that a court should only consider the coal that could not be mined to determine whether a state law requiring them to leave a certain amount of coal in the ground amounted to a regulatory taking. The Supreme Court again endorsed the parcel as a whole rule in Concrete Pipe Products, Inc. v. Construction Laborers Pension Trust. There, Concrete Pipe claimed that a regulatory taking occurred when federal law required it to pay withdrawal liability to a pension trust. In 2006, the Murrs brought suit in St. Croix County Circuit Court, which ruled against them and affirmed the Zoning Boards decision denying the variance to sell or use the two lots as separate building sites. The Murrs claim that since Lot E and F were created as legally separate lots purchased separately for different purposes and taxed separately, they should also be able to sell them separately. The Murrs reject the claim that Penn Central v City of New York[1] established a rule stating that two legally distinct properties should be considered as contiguous parcels. Under Penn Central, to determine whether a particular government action has accomplished a taking, courts are to focus both on the character of the action and on the natur e and extent of the right interference with rights in the parcel as a whole. [2] On appeal in 2011, the Wisconsin State Appellate Court once again upheld the boards decision. It held that the two lots are contiguous and also happen to be owned by the same people, so implementing the Courts parcel as a whole rule from Penn Central does in fact require combining the two parcels for takings analysis. Furthermore, the Court of Appeals rejected the petitioners notion that the lots had not merged as a result of the Grandfather Clause because the lots were already subject to the 1976 environmental regulation when they had been merged under joint ownership in 1995. The Appellate Court ruled that it was not a taking because the Murrs property, taken as a whole, could be used for residential purposes, among other things. [3] The circuit court had also stated that a year-round residence could be built on top of the bluff and the residence could be located entirely on Lot E, entirely on Lot F, or could straddle both lots. [4] III. The Takings Clause of the U.S. Constitution states simply nor shall private property be taken for public use, without just compensation. However, that clause has taken on a distinguished role in constitutional jurisprudence, notably with relation to the boundaries of state and native restrictive power. Any discussion of the Takings Clause ought to begin with the history that led to its enactment and therefore the approach case law has developed. The Takings Clause found its origin in Section 39 of the Magna Carta, which declared that land would not be taken without some form of due process: No freemen shall be taken or imprisoned or disseised or exiled or in any way destroyed, nor will we go upon him nor send upon him, except by the lawful judgment of his peers or by the law of the land. The Fifth Amendment was solely a restriction against the central. Whereas there have been some limits on the powers of the States before 1865, the Civil War caused the federal government to rest rict the powers of the state governments against their own voters through the passage of the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Amendments. The Fourteenth Amendment created restrictions to the States through Due Process clause. The Due Process Clause gradually shifted. One shift was procedural and was developed to assure that hearings and alternative governmental decision-making processes were conducted fairly. This review of the processes of government is understood as procedural due process of law. A second line of cases extended the boundaries on the federal government within the Bill of Rights to state and local government action exploiting the Due Process Clause. For roughly one hundred years after the passage of the post-Civil War amendments, The Due Process Clause judicial proceeding resulted in incorporation of a number of the restrictions on the federal government within the Bill of Rights to state and local actions moreover. The Supreme Court applied the Takings Clause of the Fifth Amendment to the States through the Fourteenth Amendment Due Process Clause in Chicago Burlington and Quincy R.R. v. City of Chicago, 166 U.S. 226 (1897). Beginning with Mugler v. Kansas, 123 U.S. 623 (1887), during which the U.S. Supreme Court indicated that that Court may review, through the due process of law Clause, the substance of legislation. To review both the procedure as well as the substance of legislation can be referred to as substantive due process. This part of the Due Process Clause allows judges to second-guess state and local legislative decisions. Under substantive due process, a court may verify whether or not the ends and means of legislation were acceptable and whether or not the legislation was unduly oppressive to regulated parties.In Kelo v. city of new London, 125 S. Ct. 2655 (June 23, 2005), the question arose on whether or not the utilization of eminent domain alone for economic development purposes may be a valid public use. Any regulations placed on ones property does indeed infringe on their right of land. That does not mean however it can be deemed a taking. Takings Clause is tricky, because it is not always clear what is a taking and what is not. The unclear interpretation of what a takings is expected to remain in an unpredictable path. IV. St. Croix County and the State of Wisconsin cite numerous environmental interests with the regulations in question. According to the St. Croix County Zoning Board, granting the Murrs the variance could result in yet another residence with access to the river, additional tree cutting and excavating, and another sanitary system in an area with serious limiting factors. We must discuss if these environmental interests are legitimate in preventing landowners from selling. We must decide to either uphold or reverse the Appellate Courts decision that Penn Central, whose building and airspace were considered contiguous parcels, establish a rule that is applicable to the case in question. Furthermore, we must decide if under Lucas v South Carolina Coastal Council,[5] in which the land essentially useless, the Murrs could be entitled to Monetary compensation. Congress enacted the National Wild and Scenic Rivers Act (Act) in 1968 to preserve certain rivers for the enjoyment of present and future generations, to wit: It is hereby declared to be the policy of the United States that certain selected rivers of the Nation which, with their immediate environments, possess outstandingly remarkable scenic, recreational, geologic, fish and wildlife, historic, cultural or other similar values, shall be preserved in free-flowing condition, and that they and their immediate environments shall be protected for the benefit and enjoyment of present and future generations. The Congress declares that the established national policy of dams and other construction at appropriate sections of the rivers of the United States needs to be complemented by a policy that would preserve other selected rivers or sections thereof in their free-flowing condition to protect the water quality of such rivers and to fulfill other vital national conservation purposes.[6] Under both cases, I suggest that we uphold the Boards original decision in 2005. As the circuit and appellate courts both stated, aft er the lots were placed under common ownership as contiguous parcels, they are subject to the countys current zoning regulations. In 1986, Lucas bought two residential lots on the Isle of Palms, a South Carolina barrier island. He intended to build single-family homes as on the adjacent lots. In 1988, the state legislature enacted a law which barred Lucas from erecting permanent habitable structures on his land. The law aimed to protect erosion and destruction of barrier islands. Lucas sued and won a large monetary judgment. The state appealed. Since unlike Lucas, the Murrs may build on both parcels and sell them together for a reasonable price, there is no need for compensation. Furthermore, the Countys environmental interest outweighs that of Murrs. Just v. Marinette County, 56 Wis. 2d 7, 201 N.W.2d 761 (1972), a shoreland zoning ordinance established a conservancy district over wetlands within 1,000 feet of a lake and prohibited any filling without a permit. This, in effect, prev ented the changing of the natural character of the land à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.[7] The landowner asserted the ordinance was unconstitutional because it amounted to constructive taking without compensation. The court disagreed, finding the ordinance a valid exercise of the police power to protect navigable waters and the public rights therein from the degradation and deterioration which results from uncontrolled use and development of shorelands.[8] In Penn Central, New York Citys landmark preservation interest outweighed the use of airspace as a skyscraper. V. Based on the foregoing, we conclude the circuit court properly granted summary judgment in favor of the County and State of Wisconsin. The undisputed facts establish that the Murrs property, viewed as a whole, retains beneficial and practical use as a residential lot. Accordingly, we conclude they have not alleged a compensable taking as a matter of law. Bibliography Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, 347 U.S. 483 (1954). Chicago, B. Q. R. Co. v. Chicago, 166 U.S. 226 (1897). Just v. Marinette County, 56 Wis. 2d 7, 201 N.W.2d 761 (1972). Kelo v. New London 545 U.S. 469 (2005). Lucas v. South Carolina Coastal Council 505 U.S. 1003 (1992). Magna Carta, Chapter 39, June 15, 1215. Mugler v. Kansas, 123 U.S. 623 (1887). Murr v. Wisconsin, Oyez, https://www.oyez.org/cases/2016/15-214 (last visited Dec 19, 2016). Nectow v. City of Cambridge, 277 U.S. 183 (1928). Penn Central Transportation Co. v. New York City, 438 U.S. 104 (1978). Slaughterhouse Cases, 83 U.S. 16 Wall. 36 36 (1872). United States v. Carolene Products Co., 304 U.S. 144 (1938). Village of Euclid v. Ambler Realty Co., 272 U.S. 365 (1926). [1] Penn Central Transportation Co. v. New York City, 438 U.S. 104 (1978). [2] ibid. [3] Murr v. Wisconsin, Oyez, https://www.oyez.org/cases/2016/15-214 (last visited Dec 19, 2016). [4] ibid. [5] Lucas v. South Carolina Coastal Council 505 U.S. 1003 (1992). [6] Murr v. Wisconsin, Oyez, https://www.oyez.org/cases/2016/15-214 (last visited Dec 19, 2016). [7] Just v. Marinette County, 56 Wis. 2d 7, 201 N.W.2d 761 (1972). [8] ibid.

Margaret Atwoods Surfacing Essay -- Margaret Atwood Surfacing Essays

Margaret Atwood's 'Surfacing' Throughout the book the narrator constantly intertwines the past and present as though it is side by side. Atwood shows this in the opening sentence ‘’I can’t believe I’m on this road again’’. The use of the adjective ‘again’ reveals the narrator has been in this place in an earlier life. The narrator seems to repress a lot of her past and continuously contradicts herself, which at times confuses the reader as we can not tell whether she is talking about her past or her present and whether she regards it as home as she says ‘’Now were on home ground foreign territory’’. This links in with one of the key divisions in the story between the Americans and the Canadians that is portrayed throughout the book. This paradoxical declarative reveals that the protagonist feels she should belong there but feels detached from this childhood place, suggesting she may feel alienated from this place revealing something oppressive about this home ground. Also David is the key person who emphasizes this division between the Americans and Canadians. On page three David stresses ‘’Bloody fascist pig Yanks’’, reiterating the stereotypical Canadian disliking of the Americans, using his usual hostile, aggressive language. Ironically David seems to be the fascist pig being the unpleasant chauvinistic pig. The use of the adjective ‘foreign’ links in with the division of language between French and English that we see later in the book. In chapter 2 we see that there is a clear division between the narrator and any emotions. We see that the narrator is emotionally detached from her husband and her child as she â€Å"left him in the city, that would be perfectly true, only it was different city; he... ...ust them, I can’t think of anyone else I like better, but right now I wish they weren’t here†. This shows that the narrator is showing her regrets for bringing them with her reiterating her distrust in them. We also begin to see the narrators distrust in those who are closest to her, her family. When she begins to reminisce on the past she refers to her family with the third person pronoun â€Å"they† for example when she says â€Å"they used to go over it as fast a possible† then later realizes this mistake she is making and states â€Å"that won’t work, I can’t call them ‘they’ as if they were somebody else’s family†. However the tables are turned as we the readers begin to realize that it is the protagonist that we are unable to trust. This is due to the protagonist’s constant self contradictions and self corrections as she says â€Å"my husband, my former husband†.

Why the Book Was Written

Thesis: Elizabeth Johnson wrote the book â€Å"Consider Jesus Waves of Renewal in Christology† because she wanted to present the changes happening in Christology. Elizabeth Johnson's book, Consider Jesus: Waves of Renewal in Christology book is ordered according to various â€Å"waves† in 20th century Catholic Christology, using these movements as starting points to discuss various areas of historical theology as well. This is based on an historical overview that interprets the history of Catholic Christology as that of a living tradition, always developing in new directions.Chapter six, on liberation Christology, Johnson uses this opportunity to portray the â€Å"either-or† aspect of the person of Jesus, making it clear that the historical Jesus was neither merely a wise sage nor merely a god in heaven . When it comes to the situation of the poor, she says, â€Å"neutrality is not possible† (94), particularly since Jesus is the liberator of the poor, as h e said when he began his ministry.Johnson goes into the area of theology on which she has had the most influence, feminist theology In addition, she points out that during Jesus’ ministry, especially during the crucifixion and resurrection, women acted as faithful apostles in ways that men often did not. In her preface she states â€Å"the purpose was to present the fundamental rethinking taking place in Christology to persons who are actively involved in ministries in the church or who are seeking greater understanding of their faith. † based on this statement I think her purpose for writing this book is to help give believers an open mind in the different areas of Christology.